[ie/youtube] Add `po_token`, `visitor_data`, `data_sync_id` extractor args (#10648)

Authored by:  seproDev, coletdjnz, bashonly

README.md

@@ -1777,6 +1777,9 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 * `innertube_host`: Innertube API host to use for all API requests; e.g. `studio.youtube.com`, `youtubei.googleapis.com`. Note that cookies exported from one subdomain will not work on others
 * `innertube_key`: Innertube API key to use for all API requests. By default, no API key is used
 * `raise_incomplete_data`: `Incomplete Data Received` raises an error instead of reporting a warning
+* `data_sync_id`: Overrides the account Data Sync ID used in Innertube API requests. This may be needed if you are using an account with `youtube:player_skip=webpage,configs` or `youtubetab:skip=webpage`
+* `visitor_data`: Overrides the Visitor Data used in Innertube API requests. This should be used with `player_skip=webpage,configs` and without cookies. Note: this may have adverse effects if used improperly. If a session from a browser is wanted, you should pass cookies instead (which contain the Visitor ID)
+* `po_token`:  Proof of Origin (PO) Token(s) to use for requesting video playback. Comma seperated list of PO Tokens in the format `CLIENT+PO_TOKEN`, e.g. `youtube:po_token=web+XXX,android+YYY`
 
 #### youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)
 * `skip`: One or more of `webpage` (skip initial webpage download), `authcheck` (allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see [#1122](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/1122) for more details)

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py

@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
 
 STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME = '__yt_dlp_client'
+STREAMING_DATA_PO_TOKEN = '__yt_dlp_po_token'
+
 # any clients starting with _ cannot be explicitly requested by the user
 INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
     'web': {
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1,
+        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
     },
     # Safari UA returns pre-merged video+audio 144p/240p/360p/720p/1080p HLS formats
     'web_safari': {
@@ -90,6 +93,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
             },
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 1,
+        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
     },
     'web_embedded': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
@@ -132,6 +136,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 3,
         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
+        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
     },
     'android_music': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
@@ -146,6 +151,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 21,
         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
+        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
     },
     'android_creator': {
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT': {
@@ -160,6 +166,7 @@ INNERTUBE_CLIENTS = {
         },
         'INNERTUBE_CONTEXT_CLIENT_NAME': 14,
         'REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER': False,
+        'REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN': True,
     },
     # YouTube Kids videos aren't returned on this client for some reason
     'android_vr': {
@@ -323,6 +330,7 @@ def build_innertube_clients():
     for client, ytcfg in tuple(INNERTUBE_CLIENTS.items()):
         ytcfg.setdefault('INNERTUBE_HOST', 'www.youtube.com')
         ytcfg.setdefault('REQUIRE_JS_PLAYER', True)
+        ytcfg.setdefault('REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN', False)
         ytcfg.setdefault('PLAYER_PARAMS', None)
         ytcfg['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT']['client'].setdefault('hl', 'en')
 
@@ -688,31 +696,46 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
                 r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
                 'identity token', default=None, fatal=False)
 
-    @staticmethod
+    def _data_sync_id_to_delegated_session_id(self, data_sync_id):
-    def _extract_account_syncid(*args):
+        if not data_sync_id:
+            return
+        # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
+        # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
+        channel_syncid, _, user_syncid = data_sync_id.partition('||')
+        if user_syncid:
+            return channel_syncid
+
+    def _extract_account_syncid(self, *args):
         """
-        Extract syncId required to download private playlists of secondary channels
+        Extract current session ID required to download private playlists of secondary channels
         @params response and/or ytcfg
         """
-        for data in args:
+        # ytcfg includes channel_syncid if on secondary channel
-            # ytcfg includes channel_syncid if on secondary channel
+        if delegated_sid := traverse_obj(args, (..., 'DELEGATED_SESSION_ID', {str}, any)):
-            delegated_sid = try_get(data, lambda x: x['DELEGATED_SESSION_ID'], str)
+            return delegated_sid
-            if delegated_sid:
-                return delegated_sid
-            sync_ids = (try_get(
-                data, (lambda x: x['responseContext']['mainAppWebResponseContext']['datasyncId'],
-                       lambda x: x['DATASYNC_ID']), str) or '').split('||')
-            if len(sync_ids) >= 2 and sync_ids[1]:
-                # datasyncid is of the form "channel_syncid||user_syncid" for secondary channel
-                # and just "user_syncid||" for primary channel. We only want the channel_syncid
-                return sync_ids[0]
 
-    @staticmethod
+        data_sync_id = self._extract_data_sync_id(*args)
-    def _extract_visitor_data(*args):
+        return self._data_sync_id_to_delegated_session_id(data_sync_id)
+
+    def _extract_data_sync_id(self, *args):
+        """
+        Extract current account dataSyncId.
+        In the format DELEGATED_SESSION_ID||USER_SESSION_ID or USER_SESSION_ID||
+        @params response and/or ytcfg
+        """
+        if data_sync_id := self._configuration_arg('data_sync_id', [None], ie_key=YoutubeIE, casesense=True)[0]:
+            return data_sync_id
+
+        return traverse_obj(
+            args, (..., ('DATASYNC_ID', ('responseContext', 'mainAppWebResponseContext', 'datasyncId')), {str}, any))
+
+    def _extract_visitor_data(self, *args):
         """
         Extracts visitorData from an API response or ytcfg
         Appears to be used to track session state
         """
+        if visitor_data := self._configuration_arg('visitor_data', [None], ie_key=YoutubeIE, casesense=True)[0]:
+            return visitor_data
         return get_first(
             args, [('VISITOR_DATA', ('INNERTUBE_CONTEXT', 'client', 'visitorData'), ('responseContext', 'visitorData'))],
             expected_type=str)
@@ -1334,11 +1357,6 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         '401': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.12M.08'},
     }
     _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('json3', 'srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
-    _POTOKEN_EXPERIMENTS = ('51217476', '51217102')
-    _BROKEN_CLIENTS = {
-        short_client_name(client): client
-        for client in ('android', 'android_creator', 'android_music')
-    }
     _DEFAULT_CLIENTS = ('ios', 'web_creator')
 
     _GEO_BYPASS = False
@@ -3701,6 +3719,54 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             **cls._get_checkok_params(),
         }
 
+    def _get_config_po_token(self, client):
+        po_token_strs = self._configuration_arg('po_token', [], ie_key=YoutubeIE, casesense=True)
+        for token_str in po_token_strs:
+            po_token_client, sep, po_token = token_str.partition('+')
+            if not sep:
+                self.report_warning(
+                    f'Invalid po_token configuration format. Expected "client+po_token", got "{token_str}"', only_once=True)
+                continue
+            if po_token_client == client:
+                return po_token
+
+    def fetch_po_token(self, client='web', visitor_data=None, data_sync_id=None, player_url=None, **kwargs):
+        # PO Token is bound to visitor_data / Visitor ID when logged out. Must have visitor_data for it to function.
+        if not visitor_data and not self.is_authenticated and player_url:
+            self.report_warning(
+                f'Unable to fetch PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Visitor Data. '
+                f'You may need to pass Visitor Data with --extractor-args "youtube:visitor_data=XXX"')
+            return
+
+        config_po_token = self._get_config_po_token(client)
+        if config_po_token:
+            # PO token is bound to data_sync_id / account Session ID when logged in. However, for the config po_token,
+            # if using first channel in an account then we don't need the data_sync_id anymore...
+            if not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated and player_url:
+                self.report_warning(
+                    f'Got a PO Token for {client} client, but missing Data Sync ID for account. Formats may not work.'
+                    f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"')
+
+            return config_po_token
+
+        # Require PO Token if logged in for external fetching
+        if not data_sync_id and self.is_authenticated and player_url:
+            self.report_warning(
+                f'Unable to fetch PO Token for {client} client: Missing required Data Sync ID for account. '
+                f'You may need to pass a Data Sync ID with --extractor-args "youtube:data_sync_id=XXX"')
+            return
+
+        return self._fetch_po_token(
+            client=client,
+            visitor_data=visitor_data,
+            data_sync_id=data_sync_id,
+            player_url=player_url,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    def _fetch_po_token(self, client, visitor_data=None, data_sync_id=None, player_url=None, **kwargs):
+        """External PO Token fetch stub"""
+
     @staticmethod
     def _is_agegated(player_response):
         if traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'desktopLegacyAgeGateReason')):
@@ -3717,13 +3783,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
     def _is_unplayable(player_response):
         return traverse_obj(player_response, ('playabilityStatus', 'status')) == 'UNPLAYABLE'
 
-    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr, smuggled_data):
+    def _extract_player_response(self, client, video_id, master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, player_url, initial_pr, visitor_data, data_sync_id, po_token):
-
-        session_index = self._extract_session_index(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg)
-        syncid = self._extract_account_syncid(player_ytcfg, master_ytcfg, initial_pr)
-        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None
         headers = self.generate_api_headers(
-            ytcfg=player_ytcfg, account_syncid=syncid, session_index=session_index, default_client=client)
+            ytcfg=player_ytcfg,
+            default_client=client,
+            visitor_data=visitor_data,
+            session_index=self._extract_session_index(master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg),
+            account_syncid=(
+                self._data_sync_id_to_delegated_session_id(data_sync_id)
+                or self._extract_account_syncid(master_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
+            ),
+        )
 
         yt_query = {
             'videoId': video_id,
@@ -3734,6 +3804,10 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         if player_params := self._configuration_arg('player_params', [default_pp], casesense=True)[0]:
             yt_query['params'] = player_params
 
+        if po_token:
+            yt_query['serviceIntegrityDimensions'] = {'poToken': po_token}
+
+        sts = self._extract_signature_timestamp(video_id, player_url, master_ytcfg, fatal=False) if player_url else None
         yt_query.update(self._generate_player_context(sts))
         return self._extract_response(
             item_id=video_id, ep='player', query=yt_query,
@@ -3744,7 +3818,6 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
 
     def _get_requested_clients(self, url, smuggled_data):
         requested_clients = []
-        broken_clients = []
         excluded_clients = []
         allowed_clients = sorted(
             (client for client in INNERTUBE_CLIENTS if client[:1] != '_'),
@@ -3758,12 +3831,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 excluded_clients.append(client[1:])
             elif client not in allowed_clients:
                 self.report_warning(f'Skipping unsupported client "{client}"')
-            elif client in self._BROKEN_CLIENTS.values():
-                broken_clients.append(client)
             else:
                 requested_clients.append(client)
-        # Force deprioritization of _BROKEN_CLIENTS for format de-duplication
-        requested_clients.extend(broken_clients)
         if not requested_clients:
             requested_clients.extend(self._DEFAULT_CLIENTS)
         for excluded_client in excluded_clients:
@@ -3788,19 +3857,14 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
             return pr_id
 
     def _extract_player_responses(self, clients, video_id, webpage, master_ytcfg, smuggled_data):
-        initial_pr = ignore_initial_response = None
+        initial_pr = None
         if webpage:
-            if 'web' in clients:
-                experiments = traverse_obj(master_ytcfg, (
-                    'WEB_PLAYER_CONTEXT_CONFIGS', ..., 'serializedExperimentIds', {lambda x: x.split(',')}, ...))
-                if all(x in experiments for x in self._POTOKEN_EXPERIMENTS):
-                    self.report_warning(
-                        'Webpage contains broken formats (poToken experiment detected). Ignoring initial player response')
-                    ignore_initial_response = True
             initial_pr = self._search_json(
                 self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE, webpage, 'initial player response', video_id, fatal=False)
 
         prs = []
+        deprioritized_prs = []
+
         if initial_pr and not self._invalid_player_response(initial_pr, video_id):
             # Android player_response does not have microFormats which are needed for
             # extraction of some data. So we return the initial_pr with formats
@@ -3822,14 +3886,13 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                         return
 
         tried_iframe_fallback = False
-        player_url = None
+        player_url = visitor_data = data_sync_id = None
         skipped_clients = {}
         while clients:
+            deprioritize_pr = False
             client, base_client, variant = _split_innertube_client(clients.pop())
-            player_ytcfg = {}
+            player_ytcfg = master_ytcfg if client == 'web' else {}
-            if client == 'web':
+            if 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip') and client != 'web':
-                player_ytcfg = self._get_default_ytcfg() if ignore_initial_response else master_ytcfg
-            elif 'configs' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
                 player_ytcfg = self._download_ytcfg(client, video_id) or player_ytcfg
 
             player_url = player_url or self._extract_player_url(master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg, webpage=webpage)
@@ -3842,34 +3905,53 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 player_url = self._download_player_url(video_id)
                 tried_iframe_fallback = True
 
-            pr = initial_pr if client == 'web' and not ignore_initial_response else None
+            visitor_data = visitor_data or self._extract_visitor_data(master_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
-            for retry in self.RetryManager(fatal=False):
+            data_sync_id = data_sync_id or self._extract_data_sync_id(master_ytcfg, initial_pr, player_ytcfg)
-                try:
+            po_token = self.fetch_po_token(
-                    pr = pr or self._extract_player_response(
+                client=client, visitor_data=visitor_data,
-                        client, video_id, player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg, player_ytcfg,
+                data_sync_id=data_sync_id if self.is_authenticated else None,
-                        player_url if require_js_player else None, initial_pr, smuggled_data)
+                player_url=player_url if require_js_player else None,
-                except ExtractorError as e:
+            )
-                    self.report_warning(e)
+
-                    break
+            require_po_token = self._get_default_ytcfg(client).get('REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN')
-                experiments = traverse_obj(pr, (
+            if not po_token and require_po_token:
-                    'responseContext', 'serviceTrackingParams', lambda _, v: v['service'] == 'GFEEDBACK',
+                self.report_warning(
-                    'params', lambda _, v: v['key'] == 'e', 'value', {lambda x: x.split(',')}, ...))
+                    f'No PO Token provided for {client} client, '
-                if all(x in experiments for x in self._POTOKEN_EXPERIMENTS):
+                    f'which is required for working {client} formats. '
-                    pr = None
+                    f'You can manually pass a PO Token for this client with '
-                    retry.error = ExtractorError('API returned broken formats (poToken experiment detected)', expected=True)
+                    f'--extractor-args "youtube:po_token={client}+XXX"',
-            if not pr:
+                    only_once=True)
+                deprioritize_pr = True
+
+            pr = initial_pr if client == 'web' else None
+            try:
+                pr = pr or self._extract_player_response(
+                    client, video_id,
+                    master_ytcfg=player_ytcfg or master_ytcfg,
+                    player_ytcfg=player_ytcfg,
+                    player_url=player_url,
+                    initial_pr=initial_pr,
+                    visitor_data=visitor_data,
+                    data_sync_id=data_sync_id,
+                    po_token=po_token)
+            except ExtractorError as e:
+                self.report_warning(e)
                 continue
 
             if pr_id := self._invalid_player_response(pr, video_id):
                 skipped_clients[client] = pr_id
             elif pr:
                 # Save client name for introspection later
-                name = short_client_name(client)
                 sd = traverse_obj(pr, ('streamingData', {dict})) or {}
-                sd[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = name
+                sd[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client
+                sd[STREAMING_DATA_PO_TOKEN] = po_token
                 for f in traverse_obj(sd, (('formats', 'adaptiveFormats'), ..., {dict})):
-                    f[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = name
+                    f[STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME] = client
-                prs.append(pr)
+                    f[STREAMING_DATA_PO_TOKEN] = po_token
+                if deprioritize_pr:
+                    deprioritized_prs.append(pr)
+                else:
+                    prs.append(pr)
 
             # tv_embedded can work around age-gate and age-verification IF the video is embeddable
             if self._is_agegated(pr) and variant != 'tv_embedded':
@@ -3893,6 +3975,8 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 # _producer, _testsuite, & _vr variants can also work around age-verification
                 append_client('web_creator', 'mediaconnect')
 
+        prs.extend(deprioritized_prs)
+
         if skipped_clients:
             self.report_warning(
                 f'Skipping player responses from {"/".join(skipped_clients)} clients '
@@ -4027,13 +4111,17 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                     f'{video_id}: Some formats are possibly damaged. They will be deprioritized', only_once=True)
 
             client_name = fmt.get(STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME)
-            # _BROKEN_CLIENTS return videoplayback URLs that expire after 30 seconds
+            po_token = fmt.get(STREAMING_DATA_PO_TOKEN)
-            # Ref: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/9554
+
-            is_broken = client_name in self._BROKEN_CLIENTS
+            if po_token:
+                fmt_url = update_url_query(fmt_url, {'pot': po_token})
+
+            # Clients that require PO Token return videoplayback URLs that may return 403
+            is_broken = (not po_token and self._get_default_ytcfg(client_name).get('REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN'))
             if is_broken:
                 self.report_warning(
-                    f'{video_id}: {self._BROKEN_CLIENTS[client_name]} client formats are broken '
+                    f'{video_id}: {client_name} client formats require a PO Token which was not provided. '
-                    'and may yield HTTP Error 403. They will be deprioritized', only_once=True)
+                    'They will be deprioritized as they may yield HTTP Error 403', only_once=True)
 
             name = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality.replace('audio_quality_', '') or ''
             fps = int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')) or 0
@@ -4109,12 +4197,24 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         elif skip_bad_formats and live_status == 'is_live' and needs_live_processing != 'is_live':
             skip_manifests.add('dash')
 
-        def process_manifest_format(f, proto, client_name, itag):
+        def process_manifest_format(f, proto, client_name, itag, po_token):
             key = (proto, f.get('language'))
             if not all_formats and key in itags[itag]:
                 return False
             itags[itag].add(key)
 
+            if f.get('source_preference') is None:
+                f['source_preference'] = -1
+
+            # Clients that require PO Token return videoplayback URLs that may return 403
+            # hls does not currently require PO Token
+            if (not po_token and self._get_default_ytcfg(client_name).get('REQUIRE_PO_TOKEN')) and proto != 'hls':
+                self.report_warning(
+                    f'{video_id}: {client_name} client {proto} formats require a PO Token which was not provided. '
+                    'They will be deprioritized as they may yield HTTP Error 403', only_once=True)
+                f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), 'BROKEN', delim=' ')
+                f['source_preference'] -= 20
+
             if itag and all_formats:
                 f['format_id'] = f'{itag}-{proto}'
             elif any(p != proto for p, _ in itags[itag]):
@@ -4126,9 +4226,6 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
                 f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), '(default)', delim=' ')
                 f['language_preference'] = PREFERRED_LANG_VALUE
 
-            if f.get('source_preference') is None:
-                f['source_preference'] = -1
-
             if itag in ('616', '235'):
                 f['format_note'] = join_nonempty(f.get('format_note'), 'Premium', delim=' ')
                 f['source_preference'] += 100
@@ -4149,23 +4246,27 @@ class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
         subtitles = {}
         for sd in streaming_data:
             client_name = sd.get(STREAMING_DATA_CLIENT_NAME)
-
+            po_token = sd.get(STREAMING_DATA_PO_TOKEN)
             hls_manifest_url = 'hls' not in skip_manifests and sd.get('hlsManifestUrl')
             if hls_manifest_url:
+                if po_token:
+                    hls_manifest_url = hls_manifest_url.rstrip('/') + f'/pot/{po_token}'
                 fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                     hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False, live=live_status == 'is_live')
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)
                 for f in fmts:
                     if process_manifest_format(f, 'hls', client_name, self._search_regex(
-                            r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)):
+                            r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None), po_token):
                         yield f
 
             dash_manifest_url = 'dash' not in skip_manifests and sd.get('dashManifestUrl')
             if dash_manifest_url:
+                if po_token:
+                    dash_manifest_url = dash_manifest_url.rstrip('/') + f'/pot/{po_token}'
                 formats, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False)
                 subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subs, subtitles)  # Prioritize HLS subs over DASH
                 for f in formats:
-                    if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', client_name, f['format_id']):
+                    if process_manifest_format(f, 'dash', client_name, f['format_id'], po_token):
                         f['filesize'] = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                             r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url') or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
                         if needs_live_processing: