matrix-spec-proposals/proposals/3981-relations-recursion.md

MSC3981: /relations recursion

The /relations API allows clients to retrieve events which directly relate to a given event.

This API has been used as basis of many other features and MSCs since then, including threads.

Threads was one of the first usages of this API that allowed nested relations - an event may have an m.reaction or m.replace relation to another event, which in turn may have an m.thread relation to the thread root.

This forms a tree of relations. A client wanting to display a thread will want to display reactions and edits to messages in the thread, and will therefore need the second-order related events in addition to just the events with a direct thread relation to the root.

Clients can recursively perform the /relations queries on each event but this is very slow and does not give the client any information on how the events are ordered for the purpose of sending read receipts.

Proposal

It is proposed to add the recurse parameter to the /relations API, defined as follows:

Whether to additionally include events which only relate indirectly to the given event, ie. events related to the root events via one or more direct relationships.

If set to false, only events which have direct a relation with the given event will be included.

If set to true, all events which relate to the given event, or relate to events that relate to the given event, will be included.

It is recommended that at least 3 levels of relationships are traversed. Implementations may perform more but should be careful to not infinitely recurse.

One of: [true false].

In order to be backwards compatible the recurse parameter must be optional (defaulting to false).

Regardless of the value of the recurse parameter, events will always be returned in topological ordering, ie. the same order in which the /messages API would return them (given the same dir parameter).

It is also proposed to add a response parameter, recursion_depth to the response which gives the actual depth limit the server used in its recursion. This key is mandatory if the recurse parameter was passed and is absent otherwise. eg:

{
    "chunk": [...],
    "recursion_depth": 3
}

Note that there no way in this MSC for a client to affect how much the server recurses. If the client decides that the server's recursion level is insufficient, it could, for example, perform the recursion manually, or disable whatever feature requires more recursion.

Filters specified via event_type or rel_type will be applied to all events returned, whether direct or indirect relations. Events that would match the filter, but whose only relation to the original given event is through a non-matching intermediate event, will not be included. This means that supplying a rel_type parameter of m.thread is not appropriate for fetching all events in a thread since relations to the threaded events would be filtered out. For this purpose, clients should omit the rel_type parameter and perform any necessary filtering on the client side.

Potential issues

Naive implementations might be tempted to provide support for this parameter through a thin shim which is functionally identical to the client doing separate recursive /relations requests itself. However this would allow a client to craft a set of events that would cause unreasonable load.

Alternatives

1. Clients could fetch all relations recursively client-side, which would increase network traffic and server load significantly.
2. A new, specialised endpoint could be created for threads, specifically designed to present separate timelines that, in all other ways, would behave identically to /messages.
3. Twitter-style threads (see MSC2836).
4. Alternatively a depth parameter could have been specified, as in MSC2836.
   We believe that a customizable depth would add unnecessary constraints to server implementers, as different server implementations may have different performance considerations and may choose different limits. Additionally, the maximum currently achievable depth is still low enough to avoid this becoming an issue.

Security considerations

Security considerations are discussed inline throughout this proposal. To summarise:

• Allowing a client to control recursion depth could allow a client to cause outsize load on the server if the server doesn't check the recursion depth.
• Naive server implementations could allow a client to craft a set of events that would cause high load.

Examples

Given the following graph:

flowchart RL
    subgraph Thread
    G
    E-->D
    B-->A
    end
    B-.->|m.thread|A
    G-.->|m.thread|A
    E-.->|m.annotation|B
    D-.->|m.edit|A
    G-->F-->E
    D-->C-->B

/messages with dir=f would return [A, B, C, D, E, F, G].

/relations on event A with rel_type=m.thread and dir=f would return [B, G].

/relations on event A with recurse=true and dir=f would return [B, D, E, G].

/relations on event A with recurse=true, dir=b and limit=2 would return [G, E].

/relations on event A with rel_type=m.annotation, event_type=m.reaction and recurse=true would return [G, E].

Unstable prefix

While the MSC is not yet part of a spec version

During this period, to detect server support, clients should check for the presence of the org.matrix.msc3981 flag in the unstable_features map on /versions.

Clients are also required to use org.matrix.msc3981.recurse in place of recurse at this time.

recursion_depth is always used un-namespaced (it would only ever be sent if the client had already sent the recurse parameter).

Once the MSC is in a spec version

Once this MSC becomes a part of a spec version, clients should rely on the presence of the spec version that supports this MSC in the /version response to determine support.

Servers are encouraged to keep the org.matrix.msc3827 flag around for a reasonable amount of time to help smooth over the transition for clients.
"Reasonable" is intentionally left as an implementation detail, however the MSC process currently recommends at most 2 months from the date of spec release.