add openssh_cert module (#49605)

* add openssh_cert module

* fix some linter issues

* address review feedback

* add basis for integration tests

* change valid datetime formats

* handle principals as set not as list

* handle principals as set not as list

* handle principals as set not as list

lib/ansible/modules/crypto/openssh_cert.py

@@ -0,0 +1,584 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# (c) 2018, David Kainz <dkainz@mgit.at> <dave.jokain@gmx.at>
+# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+ANSIBLE_METADATA = {
+    'metadata_version': '1.1',
+    'status': ['preview'],
+    'supported_by': 'community'
+}
+
+DOCUMENTATION = '''
+---
+module: openssh_cert
+author: "David Kainz (@lolcube)"
+version_added: "2.8"
+short_description: Generate OpenSSH host or user certificates.
+description:
+    - Generate and regenerate OpensSSH host or user certificates.
+requirements:
+    - "ssh-keygen"
+options:
+    state:
+        required: false
+        default: "present"
+        choices: [ 'present', 'absent' ]
+        description:
+            - Whether the host or user certificate should exist or not, taking action if the state is different from what is stated.
+    type:
+        required: true
+        choices: ['host', 'user']
+        description:
+            - Whether the module should generate a host or a user certificate.
+    force:
+        required: false
+        default: false
+        type: bool
+        description:
+            - Should the certificate be regenerated even if it already exists and is valid.
+    path:
+        required: true
+        type: path
+        description:
+            - Path of the file containing the certificate.
+    signing_key:
+        required: true
+        type: path
+        description:
+            - The path to the private openssh key that is used for signing the public key in order to generate the certificate.
+    public_key:
+        required: true
+        type: path
+        description:
+            - The path to the public key that will be signed with the signing key in order to generate the certificate.
+    valid_from:
+        required: true
+        type: str
+        description:
+            - "The point in time the certificate is valid from. Time can be specified either as relative time or as absolute timestamp.
+               Time will always be interpreted as UTC. Valid formats are: C([+-]timespec | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS | YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS | always)
+               where timespec can be an integer + C([w | d | h | m | s]) (e.g. C(+32w1d2h).
+               Note that if using relative time this module is NOT idempotent."
+    valid_to:
+        required: true
+        type: str
+        description:
+            - "The point in time the certificate is valid to. Time can be specified either as relative time or as absolute timestamp.
+               Time will always be interpreted as UTC. Valid formats are: C([+-]timespec | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS | YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS | forever)
+               where timespec can be an integer + C([w | d | h | m | s]) (e.g. C(+32w1d2h).
+               Note that if using relative time this module is NOT idempotent."
+    valid_at:
+        required: false
+        type: str
+        description:
+            - "Check if the certificate is valid at a certain point in time. If it is not the certificate will be regenerated.
+               Time will always be interpreted as UTC. Mainly to be used with relative timespec for I(valid_from) and / or I(valid_to).
+               Note that if using relative time this module is NOT idempotent."
+    principals:
+        required: false
+        type: list
+        description:
+            - "Certificates may be limited to be valid for a set of principal (user/host) names.
+              By default, generated certificates are valid for all users or hosts."
+    options:
+        required: false
+        type: list
+        description:
+            - "Specify certificate options when signing a key. The option that are valid for user certificates are:"
+            - "C(clear): Clear all enabled permissions.  This is useful for clearing the default set of permissions so permissions may be added individually."
+            - "C(force-command=command): Forces the execution of command instead of any shell or
+               command specified by the user when the certificate is used for authentication."
+            - "C(no-agent-forwarding): Disable ssh-agent forwarding (permitted by default)."
+            - "C(no-port-forwarding): Disable port forwarding (permitted by default)."
+            - "C(no-pty Disable): PTY allocation (permitted by default)."
+            - "C(no-user-rc): Disable execution of C(~/.ssh/rc) by sshd (permitted by default)."
+            - "C(no-x11-forwarding): Disable X11 forwarding (permitted by default)"
+            - "C(permit-agent-forwarding): Allows ssh-agent forwarding."
+            - "C(permit-port-forwarding): Allows port forwarding."
+            - "C(permit-pty): Allows PTY allocation."
+            - "C(permit-user-rc): Allows execution of C(~/.ssh/rc) by sshd."
+            - "C(permit-x11-forwarding): Allows X11 forwarding."
+            - "C(source-address=address_list): Restrict the source addresses from which the certificate is considered valid.
+               The C(address_list) is a comma-separated list of one or more address/netmask pairs in CIDR format."
+            - "At present, no options are valid for host keys."
+
+    identifier:
+        required: false
+        type: str
+        description:
+            - Specify the key identity when signing a public key. The identifier that is logged by the server when the certificate is used for authentication.
+
+extends_documentation_fragment: files
+'''
+
+EXAMPLES = '''
+# Generate an OpenSSH user certificate that is valid forever and for all users
+- openssh_cert:
+    type: user
+    signing_key: /path/to/private_key
+    public_key: /path/to/public_key.pub
+    path: /path/to/certificate
+    valid_from: always
+    valid_to: forever
+
+# Generate an OpenSSH host certificate that is valid for 32 weeks from now and will be regenerated
+# if it is valid for less than 2 weeks from the time the module is being run
+- openssh_cert:
+    type: host
+    signing_key: /path/to/private_key
+    public_key: /path/to/public_key.pub
+    path: /path/to/certificate
+    valid_from: +0s
+    valid_to: +32w
+    valid_at: +2w
+
+# Generate an OpenSSH host certificate that is valid forever and only for example.com and examplehost
+- openssh_cert:
+    type: host
+    signing_key: /path/to/private_key
+    public_key: /path/to/public_key.pub
+    path: /path/to/certificate
+    valid_from: always
+    valid_to: forever
+    principals:
+        - example.com
+        - examplehost
+
+# Generate an OpenSSH host Certificate that is valid from 21.1.2001 to 21.1.2019
+- openssh_cert:
+    type: host
+    signing_key: /path/to/private_key
+    public_key: /path/to/public_key.pub
+    path: /path/to/certificate
+    valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+    valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+
+# Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option:
+- openssh_cert:
+    type: user
+    signing_key: /path/to/private_key
+    public_key: /path/to/public_key.pub
+    path: /path/to/certificate
+    valid_from: always
+    valid_to: forever
+    options:
+        - "clear"
+        - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+
+'''
+
+RETURN = '''
+type:
+    description: type of the certificate (host or user)
+    returned: changed or success
+    type: str
+    sample: host
+filename:
+    description: path to the certificate
+    returned: changed or success
+    type: str
+    sample: /tmp/certifivate-cert.pub
+info:
+    description: Information about the certificate. Output of C(ssh-keygen -L -f).
+    returned: change or success
+    type: list
+
+'''
+
+import os
+import errno
+import random
+import re
+import tempfile
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import MINYEAR, MAXYEAR
+from datetime import timedelta
+from shutil import copy2
+from shutil import rmtree
+from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule
+from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native
+
+
+class CertificateError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class Certificate(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.state = module.params['state']
+        self.force = module.params['force']
+        self.type = module.params['type']
+        self.signing_key = module.params['signing_key']
+        self.public_key = module.params['public_key']
+        self.path = module.params['path']
+        self.identifier = module.params['identifier']
+        self.valid_from = module.params['valid_from']
+        self.valid_to = module.params['valid_to']
+        self.valid_at = module.params['valid_at']
+        self.principals = module.params['principals']
+        self.options = module.params['options']
+        self.changed = False
+        self.check_mode = module.check_mode
+        self.cert_info = {}
+
+        if self.state == 'present':
+
+            if self.options and self.type == "host":
+                module.fail_json(msg="Options can only be used with user certificates.")
+
+            if self.valid_at:
+                self.valid_at = self.valid_at.lstrip()
+
+            self.valid_from = self.valid_from.lstrip()
+            self.valid_to = self.valid_to.lstrip()
+
+        self.ssh_keygen = module.get_bin_path('ssh-keygen', True)
+
+    def generate(self, module):
+
+        if not self.is_valid(module, perms_required=False) or self.force:
+            args = [
+                self.ssh_keygen,
+                '-s', self.signing_key
+            ]
+
+            validity = ""
+
+            if not (self.valid_from == "always" and self.valid_to == "forever"):
+
+                if not self.valid_from == "always":
+                    timeobj = self.convert_to_datetime(module, self.valid_from)
+                    validity += (
+                        str(timeobj.year).zfill(4) +
+                        str(timeobj.month).zfill(2) +
+                        str(timeobj.day).zfill(2) +
+                        str(timeobj.hour).zfill(2) +
+                        str(timeobj.minute).zfill(2) +
+                        str(timeobj.second).zfill(2)
+                    )
+                else:
+                    validity += "19700101010101"
+
+                validity += ":"
+
+                if self.valid_to == "forever":
+                    # on ssh-keygen versions that have the year 2038 bug this will cause the datetime to be 2038-01-19T04:14:07
+                    timeobj = datetime(MAXYEAR, 12, 31)
+                else:
+                    timeobj = self.convert_to_datetime(module, self.valid_to)
+
+                validity += (
+                    str(timeobj.year).zfill(4) +
+                    str(timeobj.month).zfill(2) +
+                    str(timeobj.day).zfill(2) +
+                    str(timeobj.hour).zfill(2) +
+                    str(timeobj.minute).zfill(2) +
+                    str(timeobj.second).zfill(2)
+                )
+
+                args.extend(["-V", validity])
+
+            if self.type == 'host':
+                args.extend(['-h'])
+
+            if self.identifier:
+                args.extend(['-I', self.identifier])
+            else:
+                args.extend(['-I', ""])
+
+            if self.principals:
+                args.extend(['-n', ','.join(self.principals)])
+
+            if self.options:
+                for option in self.options:
+                    args.extend(['-O'])
+                    args.extend([option])
+
+            args.extend(['-P', ''])
+
+            try:
+                temp_directory = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+                copy2(self.public_key, temp_directory)
+                args.extend([temp_directory + "/" + os.path.basename(self.public_key)])
+                module.run_command(args, environ_update=dict(TZ="UTC"), check_rc=True)
+                copy2(temp_directory + "/" + os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.public_key))[0] + "-cert.pub", self.path)
+                rmtree(temp_directory, ignore_errors=True)
+                proc = module.run_command([self.ssh_keygen, '-L', '-f', self.path])
+                self.cert_info = proc[1].split()
+                self.changed = True
+            except Exception as e:
+                try:
+                    self.remove()
+                    rmtree(temp_directory, ignore_errors=True)
+                except OSError as exc:
+                    if exc.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+                        raise CertificateError(exc)
+                    else:
+                        pass
+                module.fail_json(msg="%s" % to_native(e))
+
+        file_args = module.load_file_common_arguments(module.params)
+        if module.set_fs_attributes_if_different(file_args, False):
+            self.changed = True
+
+    def convert_to_datetime(self, module, timestring):
+
+        if self.is_relative(timestring):
+            dispatched_time = re.findall("^([+\\-])((\\d+)[w])?((\\d+)[d])?((\\d+)[h])?((\\d+)[m])?((\\d+)[s])?$", timestring, re.I)
+            if not dispatched_time:
+                module.fail_json(msg="'%s' is not a valid time format." % timestring)
+            dispatched_time = dispatched_time[0]
+            if dispatched_time[0] == "+":
+                return datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
+                    weeks=int('0' + dispatched_time[2]),
+                    days=int('0' + dispatched_time[4]),
+                    hours=int('0' + dispatched_time[6]),
+                    minutes=int('0' + dispatched_time[8]),
+                    seconds=int('0' + dispatched_time[10]))
+            else:
+                return datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(
+                    weeks=int('0' + dispatched_time[2]),
+                    days=int('0' + dispatched_time[4]),
+                    hours=int('0' + dispatched_time[6]),
+                    minutes=int('0' + dispatched_time[8]),
+                    seconds=int('0' + dispatched_time[10]))
+        else:
+            formats = ["%Y-%m-%d",
+                       "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
+                       "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S",
+                       ]
+            for fmt in formats:
+                try:
+                    return datetime.strptime(timestring, fmt)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+            module.fail_json(msg="'%s' is not a valid time format" % timestring)
+
+    def is_relative(self, timestr):
+        if timestr.startswith("+") or timestr.startswith("-"):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def is_same_datetime(self, datetime_one, datetime_two):
+
+        # This function is for backwards compatability only because .total_seconds() is new in python2.7
+        def timedelta_total_seconds(timedelta):
+            return ((timedelta.microseconds + 0.0 + (timedelta.seconds + timedelta.days * 24 * 3600) * 10 ** 6) / 10 ** 6)
+        # try to use .total_ seconds() from python2.7
+        try:
+            return (datetime_one - datetime_two).total_seconds() == 0.0
+        except AttributeError:
+            return timedelta_total_seconds(datetime_one - datetime_two) == 0.0
+
+    def is_valid(self, module, perms_required=True):
+
+        def _check_state():
+            return os.path.exists(self.path)
+
+        if _check_state():
+            proc = module.run_command([self.ssh_keygen, '-L', '-f', self.path], environ_update=dict(TZ="UTC"), check_rc=False)
+            if proc[0] != 0:
+                return False
+            self.cert_info = proc[1].split()
+            principals = re.findall("(?<=Principals:)(.*)(?=Critical)", proc[1], re.S)[0].split()
+            principals = list(map(str.strip, principals))
+            if principals == ["(none)"]:
+                principals = None
+            cert_type = re.findall("( user | host )", proc[1])[0].strip()
+            validity = re.findall("(from (\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}T\\d{2}(:\\d{2}){2}) to (\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}T\\d{2}(:\\d{2}){2}))", proc[1])
+            if validity:
+                if validity[0][1]:
+                    cert_valid_from = self.convert_to_datetime(module, validity[0][1])
+                    if self.is_same_datetime(cert_valid_from, self.convert_to_datetime(module, "1970-01-01 01:01:01")):
+                        cert_valid_from = datetime(MINYEAR, 1, 1)
+                else:
+                    cert_valid_from = datetime(MINYEAR, 1, 1)
+
+                if validity[0][3]:
+                    cert_valid_to = self.convert_to_datetime(module, validity[0][3])
+                    if self.is_same_datetime(cert_valid_to, self.convert_to_datetime(module, "2038-01-19 03:14:07")):
+                        cert_valid_to = datetime(MAXYEAR, 12, 31)
+                else:
+                    cert_valid_to = datetime(MAXYEAR, 12, 31)
+            else:
+                cert_valid_from = datetime(MINYEAR, 1, 1)
+                cert_valid_to = datetime(MAXYEAR, 12, 31)
+        else:
+            return False
+
+        def _check_perms(module):
+            file_args = module.load_file_common_arguments(module.params)
+            return not module.set_fs_attributes_if_different(file_args, False)
+
+        def _check_type():
+            return self.type == cert_type
+
+        def _check_principals():
+            if not principals or not self.principals:
+                return self.principals == principals
+            return set(self.principals) == set(principals)
+
+        def _check_validity(module):
+            if self.valid_from == "always":
+                earliest_time = datetime(MINYEAR, 1, 1)
+            elif self.is_relative(self.valid_from):
+                earliest_time = None
+            else:
+                earliest_time = self.convert_to_datetime(module, self.valid_from)
+
+            if self.valid_to == "forever":
+                last_time = datetime(MAXYEAR, 12, 31)
+            elif self.is_relative(self.valid_to):
+                last_time = None
+            else:
+                last_time = self.convert_to_datetime(module, self.valid_to)
+
+            if earliest_time:
+                if not self.is_same_datetime(earliest_time, cert_valid_from):
+                    return False
+            if last_time:
+                if not self.is_same_datetime(last_time, cert_valid_to):
+                    return False
+
+            if self.valid_at:
+                if cert_valid_from <= self.convert_to_datetime(module, self.valid_at) <= cert_valid_to:
+                    return True
+
+            if earliest_time and last_time:
+                return True
+
+            return False
+
+        if not perms_required:
+            return _check_type() and _check_principals() and _check_validity(module)
+
+        return _check_perms(module) and _check_type() and _check_principals() and _check_validity(module)
+
+    def dump(self):
+
+        """Serialize the object into a dictionary."""
+
+        def filter_keywords(arr, keywords):
+            concated = []
+            string = ""
+            for word in arr:
+                if word in keywords:
+                    concated.append(string)
+                    string = ""
+                string += " " + word
+            concated.append(string)
+            return concated
+
+        def format_cert_info():
+            return filter_keywords(self.cert_info, [
+                "Type:",
+                "Public",
+                "Signing",
+                "Key",
+                "Serial:",
+                "Valid:",
+                "Principals:",
+                "Critical",
+                "Extensions:"])
+
+        if self.state == 'present':
+            result = {
+                'changed': self.changed,
+                'type': self.type,
+                'filename': self.path,
+                'info': format_cert_info(),
+            }
+        else:
+            result = {
+                'changed': self.changed,
+            }
+
+        return result
+
+    def remove(self):
+        """Remove the resource from the filesystem."""
+
+        try:
+            os.remove(self.path)
+            self.changed = True
+        except OSError as exc:
+            if exc.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+                raise CertificateError(exc)
+            else:
+                pass
+        return
+
+
+def main():
+
+    module = AnsibleModule(
+        argument_spec=dict(
+            state=dict(default='present', choices=['present', 'absent'], type='str'),
+            force=dict(default=False, type=bool),
+            type=dict(choices=['host', 'user'], type='str'),
+            signing_key=dict(type='path'),
+            public_key=dict(type='path'),
+            path=dict(required=True, type='path'),
+            identifier=dict(type='str'),
+            valid_from=dict(type='str'),
+            valid_to=dict(type='str'),
+            valid_at=dict(type='str'),
+            principals=dict(type=list),
+            options=dict(type=list),
+        ),
+        supports_check_mode=True,
+        add_file_common_args=True,
+        required_if=[('state', 'present', ['type', 'signing_key', 'public_key', 'valid_from', 'valid_to'])]
+    )
+
+    def isBaseDir(path):
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(path) or '.'
+        if not os.path.isdir(base_dir):
+            module.fail_json(
+                name=base_dir,
+                msg='The directory %s does not exist or the file is not a directory' % base_dir
+            )
+    if module.params['state'] == "present":
+        isBaseDir(module.params['signing_key'])
+        isBaseDir(module.params['public_key'])
+
+    isBaseDir(module.params['path'])
+
+    certificate = Certificate(module)
+
+    if certificate.state == 'present':
+
+        if module.check_mode:
+            certificate.changed = module.params['force'] or not certificate.is_valid(module)
+        else:
+            try:
+                certificate.generate(module)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                module.fail_json(msg=to_native(exc))
+
+    else:
+
+        if module.check_mode:
+            certificate.changed = os.path.exists(module.params['path'])
+            if certificate.changed:
+                certificate.cert_info = {}
+        else:
+            try:
+                certificate.remove()
+            except Exception as exc:
+                module.fail_json(msg=to_native(exc))
+
+    result = certificate.dump()
+    module.exit_json(**result)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

test/integration/targets/openssh_cert/aliases

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+shippable/posix/group1
+destructive

test/integration/targets/openssh_cert/meta/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+dependencies:
+  - setup_ssh_keygen

test/integration/targets/openssh_cert/tasks/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+- name: openssh_cert integration tests
+  when: not (ansible_facts['distribution'] == "CentOS" and ansible_facts['distribution_major_version'] == "6")
+  block:
+  - name: Generate keypair (check mode)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      type: rsa
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate keypair
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      type: rsa
+  - name: Generate keypair (idempotent)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      type: rsa
+  - name: Generate keypair (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      type: rsa
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate always valid cert (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate always valid cert
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+  - name: Generate always valid cert (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+  - name: Generate always valid cert (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate restricted validity cert with valid_at (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: +0s
+      valid_to: +32w
+      valid_at: +2w
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate restricted validity cert with valid_at
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: +0s
+      valid_to: +32w
+      valid_at: +2w
+  - name: Generate restricted validity cert with valid_at (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: +0s
+      valid_to: +32w
+      valid_at: +2w
+  - name: Generate restricted validity cert with valid_at (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: +0s
+      valid_to: +32w
+      valid_at: +2w
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate always valid cert only for example.com and examplehost (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+      principals:
+          - example.com
+          - examplehost
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate always valid cert only for example.com and examplehost
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+      principals:
+          - example.com
+          - examplehost
+  - name: Generate always valid cert only for example.com and examplehost (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+      principals:
+          - example.com
+          - examplehost
+  - name: Generate always valid cert only for example.com and examplehost (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+      principals:
+          - example.com
+          - examplehost
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate always valid cert only for example.com and examplehost (idempotent, switch)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: always
+      valid_to: forever
+      principals:
+          - examplehost
+          - example.com
+  - name: Generate OpenSSH host Certificate that is valid from 21.1.2001 to 21.1.2019 (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate OpenSSH host Certificate that is valid from 21.1.2001 to 21.1.2019
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Generate OpenSSH host Certificate that is valid from 21.1.2001 to 21.1.2019 (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Generate OpenSSH host Certificate that is valid from 21.1.2001 to 21.1.2019 (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: host
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      options:
+          - "clear"
+          - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      options:
+          - "clear"
+          - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      options:
+          - "clear"
+          - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      options:
+          - "clear"
+          - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Generate an OpenSSH user Certificate with clear and force-command option (idempotent, switch)
+    openssh_cert:
+      type: user
+      signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      options:
+          - "force-command=/tmp/bla/foo"
+          - "clear"
+      valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Remove certificate (check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      state: absent
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      #type: user
+      #signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      #public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      #valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      #valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Remove certificate
+    openssh_cert:
+      state: absent
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      #type: user
+      #signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      #public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      #valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      #valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Remove certificate (idempotent)
+    openssh_cert:
+      state: absent
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      #type: user
+      #signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      #public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      #valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      #valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+  - name: Remove certificate (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_cert:
+      state: absent
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_cert'
+      #type: user
+      #signing_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      #public_key: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key.pub'
+      #valid_from: "2001-01-21"
+      #valid_to: "2019-01-21"
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Remove keypair (check mode)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      state: absent
+    check_mode: yes
+  - name: Remove keypair
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      state: absent
+  - name: Remove keypair (idempotent)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      state: absent
+  - name: Remove keypair (idempotent, check mode)
+    openssh_keypair:
+      path: '{{ output_dir }}/id_key'
+      state: absent
+    check_mode: yes