Encodes and decodes to and from Base64 notation.
*Homepage: http://iharder.net/base64.
* *Example:
* *String encoded = Base64.encode( myByteArray );
* byte[] myByteArray = Base64.decode( encoded );
*
* The options parameter, which appears in a few places, is used to pass * several pieces of information to the encoder. In the "higher level" methods such as * encodeBytes( bytes, options ) the options parameter can be used to indicate such * things as first gzipping the bytes before encoding them, not inserting linefeeds, * and encoding using the URL-safe and Ordered dialects.
* *Note, according to RFC3548, * Section 2.1, implementations should not add line feeds unless explicitly told * to do so. I've got Base64 set to this behavior now, although earlier versions * broke lines by default.
* *The constants defined in Base64 can be OR-ed together to combine options, so you * might make a call like this:
* *String encoded = Base64.encodeBytes( mybytes, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES );
* to compress the data before encoding it and then making the output have newline characters.
*Also...
*String encoded = Base64.encodeBytes( crazyString.getBytes() );
*
*
*
* * Change Log: *
** I am placing this code in the Public Domain. Do with it as you will. * This software comes with no guarantees or warranties but with * plenty of well-wishing instead! * Please visit http://iharder.net/base64 * periodically to check for updates or to contribute improvements. *
* * @author Robert Harder * @author rob@iharder.net * @version 2.3.3 */ @SuppressWarnings({"nls", "null"}) public class Base64 { /* ******** P U B L I C F I E L D S ******** */ /** No options specified. Value is zero. */ public final static int NO_OPTIONS = 0; /** Specify encoding in first bit. Value is one. */ public final static int ENCODE = 1; /** Specify decoding in first bit. Value is zero. */ public final static int DECODE = 0; /** Specify that data should be gzip-compressed in second bit. Value is two. */ public final static int GZIP = 2; /** Specify that gzipped data should not be automatically gunzipped. */ public final static int DONT_GUNZIP = 4; /** Do break lines when encoding. Value is 8. */ public final static int DO_BREAK_LINES = 8; /** * Encode using Base64-like encoding that is URL- and Filename-safe as described * in Section 4 of RFC3548: * http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3548.html. * It is important to note that data encoded this way is not officially valid Base64, * or at the very least should not be called Base64 without also specifying that is * was encoded using the URL- and Filename-safe dialect. */ public final static int URL_SAFE = 16; /** * Encode using the special "ordered" dialect of Base64 described here: * http://www.faqs.org/qa/rfcc-1940.html. */ public final static int ORDERED = 32; /* ******** P R I V A T E F I E L D S ******** */ /** Maximum line length (76) of Base64 output. */ private final static int MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 76; /** The equals sign (=) as a byte. */ private final static byte EQUALS_SIGN = (byte)'='; /** The new line character (\n) as a byte. */ private final static byte NEW_LINE = (byte)'\n'; /** Preferred encoding. */ private final static String PREFERRED_ENCODING = "US-ASCII"; private final static byte WHITE_SPACE_ENC = -5; // Indicates white space in encoding private final static byte EQUALS_SIGN_ENC = -1; // Indicates equals sign in encoding /* ******** S T A N D A R D B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ /** The 64 valid Base64 values. */ /* Host platform me be something funny like EBCDIC, so we hardcode these values. */ private final static byte[] _STANDARD_ALPHABET = { (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z', (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', (byte)'5', (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'+', (byte)'/' }; /** * Translates a Base64 value to either its 6-bit reconstruction value * or a negative number indicating some other meaning. **/ private final static byte[] _STANDARD_DECODABET = { -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 -5, // Whitespace: Space -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 62, // Plus sign at decimal 43 -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 44 - 46 63, // Slash at decimal 47 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61, // Numbers zero through nine -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, // Letters 'A' through 'N' 14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25, // Letters 'O' through 'Z' -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 96 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38, // Letters 'a' through 'm' 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51, // Letters 'n' through 'z' -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ }; /* ******** U R L S A F E B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ /** * Used in the URL- and Filename-safe dialect described in Section 4 of RFC3548: * http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3548.html. * Notice that the last two bytes become "hyphen" and "underscore" instead of "plus" and "slash." */ private final static byte[] _URL_SAFE_ALPHABET = { (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z', (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', (byte)'5', (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'-', (byte)'_' }; /** * Used in decoding URL- and Filename-safe dialects of Base64. */ private final static byte[] _URL_SAFE_DECODABET = { -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 -5, // Whitespace: Space -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 -9, // Plus sign at decimal 43 -9, // Decimal 44 62, // Minus sign at decimal 45 -9, // Decimal 46 -9, // Slash at decimal 47 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61, // Numbers zero through nine -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, // Letters 'A' through 'N' 14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25, // Letters 'O' through 'Z' -9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 94 63, // Underscore at decimal 95 -9, // Decimal 96 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38, // Letters 'a' through 'm' 39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51, // Letters 'n' through 'z' -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ }; /* ******** O R D E R E D B A S E 6 4 A L P H A B E T ******** */ /** * I don't get the point of this technique, but someone requested it, * and it is described here: * http://www.faqs.org/qa/rfcc-1940.html. */ private final static byte[] _ORDERED_ALPHABET = { (byte)'-', (byte)'0', (byte)'1', (byte)'2', (byte)'3', (byte)'4', (byte)'5', (byte)'6', (byte)'7', (byte)'8', (byte)'9', (byte)'A', (byte)'B', (byte)'C', (byte)'D', (byte)'E', (byte)'F', (byte)'G', (byte)'H', (byte)'I', (byte)'J', (byte)'K', (byte)'L', (byte)'M', (byte)'N', (byte)'O', (byte)'P', (byte)'Q', (byte)'R', (byte)'S', (byte)'T', (byte)'U', (byte)'V', (byte)'W', (byte)'X', (byte)'Y', (byte)'Z', (byte)'_', (byte)'a', (byte)'b', (byte)'c', (byte)'d', (byte)'e', (byte)'f', (byte)'g', (byte)'h', (byte)'i', (byte)'j', (byte)'k', (byte)'l', (byte)'m', (byte)'n', (byte)'o', (byte)'p', (byte)'q', (byte)'r', (byte)'s', (byte)'t', (byte)'u', (byte)'v', (byte)'w', (byte)'x', (byte)'y', (byte)'z' }; /** * Used in decoding the "ordered" dialect of Base64. */ private final static byte[] _ORDERED_DECODABET = { -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 0 - 8 -5,-5, // Whitespace: Tab and Linefeed -9,-9, // Decimal 11 - 12 -5, // Whitespace: Carriage Return -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 14 - 26 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 27 - 31 -5, // Whitespace: Space -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 33 - 42 -9, // Plus sign at decimal 43 -9, // Decimal 44 0, // Minus sign at decimal 45 -9, // Decimal 46 -9, // Slash at decimal 47 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, // Numbers zero through nine -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 58 - 60 -1, // Equals sign at decimal 61 -9,-9,-9, // Decimal 62 - 64 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23, // Letters 'A' through 'M' 24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36, // Letters 'N' through 'Z' -9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 91 - 94 37, // Underscore at decimal 95 -9, // Decimal 96 38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50, // Letters 'a' through 'm' 51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63, // Letters 'n' through 'z' -9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 123 - 126 /*,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 127 - 139 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 140 - 152 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 153 - 165 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 166 - 178 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 179 - 191 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 192 - 204 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 205 - 217 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 218 - 230 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9, // Decimal 231 - 243 -9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9,-9 // Decimal 244 - 255 */ }; /* ******** D E T E R M I N E W H I C H A L H A B E T ******** */ /** * Returns one of the _SOMETHING_ALPHABET byte arrays depending on * the options specified. * It's possible, though silly, to specify ORDERED and URLSAFE * in which case one of them will be picked, though there is * no guarantee as to which one will be picked. */ final static byte[] getAlphabet( int options ) { if ((options & URL_SAFE) == URL_SAFE) { return _URL_SAFE_ALPHABET; } else if ((options & ORDERED) == ORDERED) { return _ORDERED_ALPHABET; } else { return _STANDARD_ALPHABET; } } // end getAlphabet /** * Returns one of the _SOMETHING_DECODABET byte arrays depending on * the options specified. * It's possible, though silly, to specify ORDERED and URL_SAFE * in which case one of them will be picked, though there is * no guarantee as to which one will be picked. */ final static byte[] getDecodabet( int options ) { if( (options & URL_SAFE) == URL_SAFE) { return _URL_SAFE_DECODABET; } else if ((options & ORDERED) == ORDERED) { return _ORDERED_DECODABET; } else { return _STANDARD_DECODABET; } } // end getAlphabet /** Defeats instantiation. */ private Base64(){/**/} /* ******** E N C O D I N G M E T H O D S ******** */ /** * Encodes up to the first three bytes of array threeBytes * and returns a four-byte array in Base64 notation. * The actual number of significant bytes in your array is * given by numSigBytes. * The array threeBytes needs only be as big as * numSigBytes. * Code can reuse a byte array by passing a four-byte array as b4. * * @param b4 A reusable byte array to reduce array instantiation * @param threeBytes the array to convert * @param numSigBytes the number of significant bytes in your array * @return four byte array in Base64 notation. * @since 1.5.1 */ static byte[] encode3to4( byte[] b4, byte[] threeBytes, int numSigBytes, int options ) { encode3to4( threeBytes, 0, numSigBytes, b4, 0, options ); return b4; } // end encode3to4 /** *Encodes up to three bytes of the array source * and writes the resulting four Base64 bytes to destination. * The source and destination arrays can be manipulated * anywhere along their length by specifying * srcOffset and destOffset. * This method does not check to make sure your arrays * are large enough to accomodate srcOffset + 3 for * the source array or destOffset + 4 for * the destination array. * The actual number of significant bytes in your array is * given by numSigBytes.
*This is the lowest level of the encoding methods with * all possible parameters.
* * @param source the array to convert * @param srcOffset the index where conversion begins * @param numSigBytes the number of significant bytes in your array * @param destination the array to hold the conversion * @param destOffset the index where output will be put * @return the destination array * @since 1.3 */ static byte[] encode3to4( byte[] source, int srcOffset, int numSigBytes, byte[] destination, int destOffset, int options ) { byte[] ALPHABET = getAlphabet( options ); // 1 2 3 // 01234567890123456789012345678901 Bit position // --------000000001111111122222222 Array position from threeBytes // --------| || || || | Six bit groups to index ALPHABET // >>18 >>12 >> 6 >> 0 Right shift necessary // 0x3f 0x3f 0x3f Additional AND // Create buffer with zero-padding if there are only one or two // significant bytes passed in the array. // We have to shift left 24 in order to flush out the 1's that appear // when Java treats a value as negative that is cast from a byte to an int. int inBuff = ( numSigBytes > 0 ? ((source[ srcOffset ] << 24) >>> 8) : 0 ) | ( numSigBytes > 1 ? ((source[ srcOffset + 1 ] << 24) >>> 16) : 0 ) | ( numSigBytes > 2 ? ((source[ srcOffset + 2 ] << 24) >>> 24) : 0 ); switch( numSigBytes ) { case 3: destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 6) & 0x3f ]; destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff ) & 0x3f ]; return destination; case 2: destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 6) & 0x3f ]; destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; return destination; case 1: destination[ destOffset ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 18) ]; destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = ALPHABET[ (inBuff >>> 12) & 0x3f ]; destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; destination[ destOffset + 3 ] = EQUALS_SIGN; return destination; default: return destination; } // end switch } // end encode3to4 /** * Performs Base64 encoding on theraw ByteBuffer,
* writing it to the encoded ByteBuffer.
* This is an experimental feature. Currently it does not
* pass along any options (such as {@link #DO_BREAK_LINES}
* or {@link #GZIP}.
*
* @param raw input buffer
* @param encoded output buffer
* @since 2.3
*/
public static void encode( java.nio.ByteBuffer raw, java.nio.ByteBuffer encoded ){
byte[] raw3 = new byte[3];
byte[] enc4 = new byte[4];
while( raw.hasRemaining() ){
int rem = Math.min(3,raw.remaining());
raw.get(raw3,0,rem);
Base64.encode3to4(enc4, raw3, rem, Base64.NO_OPTIONS );
encoded.put(enc4);
} // end input remaining
}
/**
* Performs Base64 encoding on the raw ByteBuffer,
* writing it to the encoded CharBuffer.
* This is an experimental feature. Currently it does not
* pass along any options (such as {@link #DO_BREAK_LINES}
* or {@link #GZIP}.
*
* @param raw input buffer
* @param encoded output buffer
* @since 2.3
*/
public static void encode( java.nio.ByteBuffer raw, java.nio.CharBuffer encoded ){
byte[] raw3 = new byte[3];
byte[] enc4 = new byte[4];
while( raw.hasRemaining() ){
int rem = Math.min(3,raw.remaining());
raw.get(raw3,0,rem);
Base64.encode3to4(enc4, raw3, rem, Base64.NO_OPTIONS );
for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ ){
encoded.put( (char)(enc4[i] & 0xFF) );
}
} // end input remaining
}
/**
* Serializes an object and returns the Base64-encoded
* version of that serialized object.
*
* As of v 2.3, if the object * cannot be serialized or there is another error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * The object is not GZip-compressed before being encoded. * * @param serializableObject The object to encode * @return The Base64-encoded object * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if serializedObject is null * @since 1.4 */ public static String encodeObject( java.io.Serializable serializableObject ) throws java.io.IOException { return encodeObject( serializableObject, NO_OPTIONS ); } // end encodeObject /** * Serializes an object and returns the Base64-encoded * version of that serialized object. * *As of v 2.3, if the object * cannot be serialized or there is another error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * The object is not GZip-compressed before being encoded. ** Example options:
* GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it.
* DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters
*
*
* Example: encodeObject( myObj, Base64.GZIP ) or
*
* Example: encodeObject( myObj, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
*
* @param serializableObject The object to encode
* @param options Specified options
* @return The Base64-encoded object
* @see Base64#GZIP
* @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
* @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error
* @since 2.0
*/
public static String encodeObject( java.io.Serializable serializableObject, int options )
throws java.io.IOException {
if( serializableObject == null ){
throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot serialize a null object." );
} // end if: null
// Streams
java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
java.io.OutputStream b64os = null;
java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream gzos = null;
java.io.ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
try {
// ObjectOutputStream -> (GZIP) -> Base64 -> ByteArrayOutputStream
baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream();
b64os = new Base64.OutputStream( baos, ENCODE | options );
if( (options & GZIP) != 0 ){
// Gzip
gzos = new java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream(b64os);
oos = new java.io.ObjectOutputStream( gzos );
} else {
// Not gzipped
oos = new java.io.ObjectOutputStream( b64os );
}
oos.writeObject( serializableObject );
} // end try
catch( java.io.IOException e ) {
// Catch it and then throw it immediately so that
// the finally{/**/} block is called for cleanup.
throw e;
} // end catch
finally {
try{ oos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/}
try{ gzos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/}
try{ b64os.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/}
try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/}
} // end finally
// Return value according to relevant encoding.
try {
return new String( baos.toByteArray(), PREFERRED_ENCODING );
} // end try
catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uue){
// Fall back to some Java default
return new String( baos.toByteArray() );
} // end catch
} // end encode
/**
* Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation.
* Does not GZip-compress data.
*
* @param source The data to convert
* @return The data in Base64-encoded form
* @throws NullPointerException if source array is null
* @since 1.4
*/
public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source ) {
// Since we're not going to have the GZIP encoding turned on,
// we're not going to have an java.io.IOException thrown, so
// we should not force the user to have to catch it.
String encoded = null;
try {
encoded = encodeBytes(source, 0, source.length, NO_OPTIONS);
} catch (java.io.IOException ex) {
assert false : ex.getMessage();
} // end catch
assert encoded != null;
return encoded;
} // end encodeBytes
/**
* Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation.
*
* Example options:
* GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it.
* DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters
* Note: Technically, this makes your encoding non-compliant.
*
*
* Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP ) or
*
* Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
*
*
*
As of v 2.3, if there is an error with the GZIP stream, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * * @param source The data to convert * @param options Specified options * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String * @see Base64#GZIP * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null * @since 2.0 */ public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { return encodeBytes( source, 0, source.length, options ); } // end encodeBytes /** * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation. * Does not GZip-compress data. * *As of v 2.3, if there is an error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * * @param source The data to convert * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin * @param len Length of data to convert * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid * @since 1.4 */ public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len ) { // Since we're not going to have the GZIP encoding turned on, // we're not going to have an java.io.IOException thrown, so // we should not force the user to have to catch it. String encoded = null; try { encoded = encodeBytes( source, off, len, NO_OPTIONS ); } catch (java.io.IOException ex) { assert false : ex.getMessage(); } // end catch assert encoded != null; return encoded; } // end encodeBytes /** * Encodes a byte array into Base64 notation. ** Example options:
* GZIP: gzip-compresses object before encoding it.
* DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters
* Note: Technically, this makes your encoding non-compliant.
*
*
* Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP ) or
*
* Example: encodeBytes( myData, Base64.GZIP | Base64.DO_BREAK_LINES )
*
*
*
As of v 2.3, if there is an error with the GZIP stream, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned a null value, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * * @param source The data to convert * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin * @param len Length of data to convert * @param options Specified options * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String * @see Base64#GZIP * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid * @since 2.0 */ public static String encodeBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { byte[] encoded = encodeBytesToBytes( source, off, len, options ); // Return value according to relevant encoding. try { return new String( encoded, PREFERRED_ENCODING ); } // end try catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uue) { return new String( encoded ); } // end catch } // end encodeBytes /** * Similar to {@link #encodeBytes(byte[])} but returns * a byte array instead of instantiating a String. This is more efficient * if you're working with I/O streams and have large data sets to encode. * * * @param source The data to convert * @return The Base64-encoded data as a byte[] (of ASCII characters) * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null * @since 2.3.1 */ public static byte[] encodeBytesToBytes( byte[] source ) { byte[] encoded = null; try { encoded = encodeBytesToBytes( source, 0, source.length, Base64.NO_OPTIONS ); } catch( java.io.IOException ex ) { assert false : "IOExceptions only come from GZipping, which is turned off: " + ex.getMessage(); } return encoded; } /** * Similar to {@link #encodeBytes(byte[], int, int, int)} but returns * a byte array instead of instantiating a String. This is more efficient * if you're working with I/O streams and have large data sets to encode. * * * @param source The data to convert * @param off Offset in array where conversion should begin * @param len Length of data to convert * @param options Specified options * @return The Base64-encoded data as a String * @see Base64#GZIP * @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if source array is null * @throws IllegalArgumentException if source array, offset, or length are invalid * @since 2.3.1 */ public static byte[] encodeBytesToBytes( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { if( source == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot serialize a null array." ); } // end if: null if( off < 0 ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot have negative offset: " + off ); } // end if: off < 0 if( len < 0 ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Cannot have length offset: " + len ); } // end if: len < 0 if( off + len > source.length ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( "Cannot have offset of %d and length of %d with array of length %d", off,len,source.length)); } // end if: off < 0 // Compress? if( (options & GZIP) != 0 ) { java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream gzos = null; Base64.OutputStream b64os = null; try { // GZip -> Base64 -> ByteArray baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream(); b64os = new Base64.OutputStream( baos, ENCODE | options ); gzos = new java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream( b64os ); gzos.write( source, off, len ); gzos.close(); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { // Catch it and then throw it immediately so that // the finally{/**/} block is called for cleanup. throw e; } // end catch finally { try{ gzos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} try{ b64os.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} } // end finally return baos.toByteArray(); } // end if: compress // Else, don't compress. Better not to use streams at all then. else { boolean breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) > 0; //int len43 = len * 4 / 3; //byte[] outBuff = new byte[ ( len43 ) // Main 4:3 // + ( (len % 3) > 0 ? 4 : 0 ) // Account for padding // + (breakLines ? ( len43 / MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) : 0) ]; // New lines // Try to determine more precisely how big the array needs to be. // If we get it right, we don't have to do an array copy, and // we save a bunch of memory. int encLen = ( len / 3 ) * 4 + ( len % 3 > 0 ? 4 : 0 ); // Bytes needed for actual encoding if( breakLines ){ encLen += encLen / MAX_LINE_LENGTH; // Plus extra newline characters } byte[] outBuff = new byte[ encLen ]; int d = 0; int e = 0; int len2 = len - 2; int lineLength = 0; for( ; d < len2; d+=3, e+=4 ) { encode3to4( source, d+off, 3, outBuff, e, options ); lineLength += 4; if( breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) { outBuff[e+4] = NEW_LINE; e++; lineLength = 0; } // end if: end of line } // en dfor: each piece of array if( d < len ) { encode3to4( source, d+off, len - d, outBuff, e, options ); e += 4; } // end if: some padding needed // Only resize array if we didn't guess it right. if( e < outBuff.length - 1 ){ byte[] finalOut = new byte[e]; System.arraycopy(outBuff,0, finalOut,0,e); //System.err.println("Having to resize array from " + outBuff.length + " to " + e ); return finalOut; } else { //System.err.println("No need to resize array."); return outBuff; } } // end else: don't compress } // end encodeBytesToBytes /* ******** D E C O D I N G M E T H O D S ******** */ /** * Decodes four bytes from array source * and writes the resulting bytes (up to three of them) * to destination. * The source and destination arrays can be manipulated * anywhere along their length by specifying * srcOffset and destOffset. * This method does not check to make sure your arrays * are large enough to accomodate srcOffset + 4 for * the source array or destOffset + 3 for * the destination array. * This method returns the actual number of bytes that * were converted from the Base64 encoding. *This is the lowest level of the decoding methods with * all possible parameters.
* * * @param source the array to convert * @param srcOffset the index where conversion begins * @param destination the array to hold the conversion * @param destOffset the index where output will be put * @param options alphabet type is pulled from this (standard, url-safe, ordered) * @return the number of decoded bytes converted * @throws NullPointerException if source or destination arrays are null * @throws IllegalArgumentException if srcOffset or destOffset are invalid * or there is not enough room in the array. * @since 1.3 */ static int decode4to3( byte[] source, int srcOffset, byte[] destination, int destOffset, int options ) { // Lots of error checking and exception throwing if( source == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Source array was null." ); } // end if if( destination == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Destination array was null." ); } // end if if( srcOffset < 0 || srcOffset + 3 >= source.length ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( "Source array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and still process four bytes.", source.length, srcOffset ) ); } // end if if( destOffset < 0 || destOffset +2 >= destination.length ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( "Destination array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and still store three bytes.", destination.length, destOffset ) ); } // end if byte[] DECODABET = getDecodabet( options ); // Example: Dk== if( source[ srcOffset + 2] == EQUALS_SIGN ) { // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ); int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ); destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 16 ); return 1; } // Example: DkL= else if( source[ srcOffset + 3 ] == EQUALS_SIGN ) { // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 18 ); int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 6 ); destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 16 ); destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = (byte)( outBuff >>> 8 ); return 2; } // Example: DkLE else { // Two ways to do the same thing. Don't know which way I like best. //int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] << 24 ) >>> 6 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 12 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 18 ) // | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 3 ] ] << 24 ) >>> 24 ); int outBuff = ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset ] ] & 0xFF ) << 18 ) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 1 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 12 ) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 2 ] ] & 0xFF ) << 6) | ( ( DECODABET[ source[ srcOffset + 3 ] ] & 0xFF ) ); destination[ destOffset ] = (byte)( outBuff >> 16 ); destination[ destOffset + 1 ] = (byte)( outBuff >> 8 ); destination[ destOffset + 2 ] = (byte)( outBuff ); return 3; } } // end decodeToBytes /** * Low-level access to decoding ASCII characters in * the form of a byte array. Ignores GUNZIP option, if * it's set. This is not generally a recommended method, * although it is used internally as part of the decoding process. * Special case: if len = 0, an empty array is returned. Still, * if you need more speed and reduced memory footprint (and aren't * gzipping), consider this method. * * @param source The Base64 encoded data * @return decoded data * @since 2.3.1 */ public static byte[] decode( byte[] source ){ byte[] decoded = null; try { decoded = decode( source, 0, source.length, Base64.NO_OPTIONS ); } catch( java.io.IOException ex ) { assert false : "IOExceptions only come from GZipping, which is turned off: " + ex.getMessage(); } return decoded; } /** * Low-level access to decoding ASCII characters in * the form of a byte array. Ignores GUNZIP option, if * it's set. This is not generally a recommended method, * although it is used internally as part of the decoding process. * Special case: if len = 0, an empty array is returned. Still, * if you need more speed and reduced memory footprint (and aren't * gzipping), consider this method. * * @param source The Base64 encoded data * @param off The offset of where to begin decoding * @param len The length of characters to decode * @param options Can specify options such as alphabet type to use * @return decoded data * @throws java.io.IOException If bogus characters exist in source data * @since 1.3 */ public static byte[] decode( byte[] source, int off, int len, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { // Lots of error checking and exception throwing if( source == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Cannot decode null source array." ); } // end if if( off < 0 || off + len > source.length ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( String.format( "Source array with length %d cannot have offset of %d and process %d bytes.", source.length, off, len ) ); } // end if if( len == 0 ){ return new byte[0]; }else if( len < 4 ){ throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Base64-encoded string must have at least four characters, but length specified was " + len ); } // end if byte[] DECODABET = getDecodabet( options ); int len34 = len * 3 / 4; // Estimate on array size byte[] outBuff = new byte[ len34 ]; // Upper limit on size of output int outBuffPosn = 0; // Keep track of where we're writing byte[] b4 = new byte[4]; // Four byte buffer from source, eliminating white space int b4Posn = 0; // Keep track of four byte input buffer int i = 0; // Source array counter byte sbiCrop = 0; // Low seven bits (ASCII) of input byte sbiDecode = 0; // Special value from DECODABET for( i = off; i < off+len; i++ ) { // Loop through source sbiCrop = (byte)(source[i] & 0x7f); // Only the low seven bits sbiDecode = DECODABET[ sbiCrop ]; // Special value // White space, Equals sign, or legit Base64 character // Note the values such as -5 and -9 in the // DECODABETs at the top of the file. if( sbiDecode >= WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) { if( sbiDecode >= EQUALS_SIGN_ENC ) { b4[ b4Posn++ ] = sbiCrop; // Save non-whitespace if( b4Posn > 3 ) { // Time to decode? outBuffPosn += decode4to3( b4, 0, outBuff, outBuffPosn, options ); b4Posn = 0; // If that was the equals sign, break out of 'for' loop if( sbiCrop == EQUALS_SIGN ) { break; } // end if: equals sign } // end if: quartet built } // end if: equals sign or better } // end if: white space, equals sign or better else { // There's a bad input character in the Base64 stream. throw new java.io.IOException( String.format( "Bad Base64 input character '%c' in array position %d", source[i], i ) ); } // end else: } // each input character byte[] out = new byte[ outBuffPosn ]; System.arraycopy( outBuff, 0, out, 0, outBuffPosn ); return out; } // end decode /** * Decodes data from Base64 notation, automatically * detecting gzip-compressed data and decompressing it. * * @param s the string to decode * @return the decoded data * @throws java.io.IOException If there is a problem * @since 1.4 */ public static byte[] decode( String s ) throws java.io.IOException { return decode( s, NO_OPTIONS ); } /** * Decodes data from Base64 notation, automatically * detecting gzip-compressed data and decompressing it. * * @param s the string to decode * @param options encode options such as URL_SAFE * @return the decoded data * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if s is null * @since 1.4 */ public static byte[] decode( String s, int options ) throws java.io.IOException { if( s == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Input string was null." ); } // end if byte[] bytes; try { bytes = s.getBytes( PREFERRED_ENCODING ); } // end try catch( java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uee ) { bytes = s.getBytes(); } // end catch // // Decode bytes = decode( bytes, 0, bytes.length, options ); // Check to see if it's gzip-compressed // GZIP Magic Two-Byte Number: 0x8b1f (35615) boolean dontGunzip = (options & DONT_GUNZIP) != 0; if( (bytes != null) && (bytes.length >= 4) && (!dontGunzip) ) { int head = ((int)bytes[0] & 0xff) | ((bytes[1] << 8) & 0xff00); if( java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream.GZIP_MAGIC == head ) { java.io.ByteArrayInputStream bais = null; java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream gzis = null; java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; byte[] buffer = new byte[2048]; int length = 0; try { baos = new java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream(); bais = new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream( bytes ); gzis = new java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream( bais ); while( ( length = gzis.read( buffer ) ) >= 0 ) { baos.write(buffer,0,length); } // end while: reading input // No error? Get new bytes. bytes = baos.toByteArray(); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); // Just return originally-decoded bytes } // end catch finally { try{ baos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} try{ gzis.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} try{ bais.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} } // end finally } // end if: gzipped } // end if: bytes.length >= 2 return bytes; } // end decode /** * Attempts to decode Base64 data and deserialize a Java * Object within. Returns null if there was an error. * * @param encodedObject The Base64 data to decode * @return The decoded and deserialized object * @throws NullPointerException if encodedObject is null * @throws java.io.IOException if there is a general error * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the decoded object is of a * class that cannot be found by the JVM * @since 1.5 */ public static Object decodeToObject( String encodedObject ) throws java.io.IOException, java.lang.ClassNotFoundException { return decodeToObject(encodedObject,NO_OPTIONS,null); } /** * Attempts to decode Base64 data and deserialize a Java * Object within. Returns null if there was an error. * If loader is not null, it will be the class loader * used when deserializing. * * @param encodedObject The Base64 data to decode * @param options Various parameters related to decoding * @param loader Optional class loader to use in deserializing classes. * @return The decoded and deserialized object * @throws NullPointerException if encodedObject is null * @throws java.io.IOException if there is a general error * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the decoded object is of a * class that cannot be found by the JVM * @since 2.3.4 */ public static Object decodeToObject( String encodedObject, int options, final ClassLoader loader ) throws java.io.IOException, java.lang.ClassNotFoundException { // Decode and gunzip if necessary byte[] objBytes = decode( encodedObject, options ); java.io.ByteArrayInputStream bais = null; java.io.ObjectInputStream ois = null; Object obj = null; try { bais = new java.io.ByteArrayInputStream( objBytes ); // If no custom class loader is provided, use Java's builtin OIS. if( loader == null ){ ois = new java.io.ObjectInputStream( bais ); } // end if: no loader provided // Else make a customized object input stream that uses // the provided class loader. else { ois = new java.io.ObjectInputStream(bais){ @Override public Class resolveClass(java.io.ObjectStreamClass streamClass) throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { Class c = Class.forName(streamClass.getName(), false, loader); if( c == null ){ return super.resolveClass(streamClass); } else { return c; // Class loader knows of this class. } // end else: not null } // end resolveClass }; // end ois } // end else: no custom class loader obj = ois.readObject(); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and throw in order to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch catch( java.lang.ClassNotFoundException e ) { throw e; // Catch and throw in order to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch finally { try{ bais.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} try{ ois.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} } // end finally return obj; } // end decodeObject /** * Convenience method for encoding data to a file. * *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * @param dataToEncode byte array of data to encode in base64 form * @param filename Filename for saving encoded data * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @throws NullPointerException if dataToEncode is null * @since 2.1 */ public static void encodeToFile( byte[] dataToEncode, String filename ) throws java.io.IOException { if( dataToEncode == null ){ throw new NullPointerException( "Data to encode was null." ); } // end iff Base64.OutputStream bos = null; try { bos = new Base64.OutputStream( new java.io.FileOutputStream( filename ), Base64.ENCODE ); bos.write( dataToEncode ); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and throw to execute finally{/**/} block } // end catch: java.io.IOException finally { try{ bos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} } // end finally } // end encodeToFile /** * Convenience method for decoding data to a file. * *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * @param dataToDecode Base64-encoded data as a string * @param filename Filename for saving decoded data * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @since 2.1 */ public static void decodeToFile( String dataToDecode, String filename ) throws java.io.IOException { Base64.OutputStream bos = null; try{ bos = new Base64.OutputStream( new java.io.FileOutputStream( filename ), Base64.DECODE ); bos.write( dataToDecode.getBytes( PREFERRED_ENCODING ) ); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and throw to execute finally{/**/} block } // end catch: java.io.IOException finally { try{ bos.close(); } catch( Exception e ){/**/} } // end finally } // end decodeToFile /** * Convenience method for reading a base64-encoded * file and decoding it. * *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * @param filename Filename for reading encoded data * @return decoded byte array * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @since 2.1 */ public static byte[] decodeFromFile( String filename ) throws java.io.IOException { byte[] decodedData = null; Base64.InputStream bis = null; try { // Set up some useful variables java.io.File file = new java.io.File( filename ); byte[] buffer = null; int length = 0; int numBytes = 0; // Check for size of file if( file.length() > Integer.MAX_VALUE ) { throw new java.io.IOException( "File is too big for this convenience method (" + file.length() + " bytes)." ); } // end if: file too big for int index buffer = new byte[ (int)file.length() ]; // Open a stream bis = new Base64.InputStream( new java.io.BufferedInputStream( new java.io.FileInputStream( file ) ), Base64.DECODE ); // Read until done while( ( numBytes = bis.read( buffer, length, 4096 ) ) >= 0 ) { length += numBytes; } // end while // Save in a variable to return decodedData = new byte[ length ]; System.arraycopy( buffer, 0, decodedData, 0, length ); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch: java.io.IOException finally { try{ bis.close(); } catch( Exception e) {/**/} } // end finally return decodedData; } // end decodeFromFile /** * Convenience method for reading a binary file * and base64-encoding it. * *As of v 2.3, if there is a error, * the method will throw an java.io.IOException. This is new to v2.3! * In earlier versions, it just returned false, but * in retrospect that's a pretty poor way to handle it.
* * @param filename Filename for reading binary data * @return base64-encoded string * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @since 2.1 */ public static String encodeFromFile( String filename ) throws java.io.IOException { String encodedData = null; Base64.InputStream bis = null; try { // Set up some useful variables java.io.File file = new java.io.File( filename ); byte[] buffer = new byte[ Math.max((int)(file.length() * 1.4),40) ]; // Need max() for math on small files (v2.2.1) int length = 0; int numBytes = 0; // Open a stream bis = new Base64.InputStream( new java.io.BufferedInputStream( new java.io.FileInputStream( file ) ), Base64.ENCODE ); // Read until done while( ( numBytes = bis.read( buffer, length, 4096 ) ) >= 0 ) { length += numBytes; } // end while // Save in a variable to return encodedData = new String( buffer, 0, length, Base64.PREFERRED_ENCODING ); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch: java.io.IOException finally { try{ bis.close(); } catch( Exception e) {/**/} } // end finally return encodedData; } // end encodeFromFile /** * Reads infile and encodes it to outfile. * * @param infile Input file * @param outfile Output file * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @since 2.2 */ public static void encodeFileToFile( String infile, String outfile ) throws java.io.IOException { String encoded = Base64.encodeFromFile( infile ); java.io.OutputStream out = null; try{ out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream( new java.io.FileOutputStream( outfile ) ); out.write( encoded.getBytes("US-ASCII") ); // Strict, 7-bit output. } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch finally { try { out.close(); } catch( Exception ex ){/**/} } // end finally } // end encodeFileToFile /** * Reads infile and decodes it to outfile. * * @param infile Input file * @param outfile Output file * @throws java.io.IOException if there is an error * @since 2.2 */ public static void decodeFileToFile( String infile, String outfile ) throws java.io.IOException { byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeFromFile( infile ); java.io.OutputStream out = null; try{ out = new java.io.BufferedOutputStream( new java.io.FileOutputStream( outfile ) ); out.write( decoded ); } // end try catch( java.io.IOException e ) { throw e; // Catch and release to execute finally{/**/} } // end catch finally { try { out.close(); } catch( Exception ex ){/**/} } // end finally } // end decodeFileToFile /* ******** I N N E R C L A S S I N P U T S T R E A M ******** */ /** * A {@link Base64.InputStream} will read data from another * java.io.InputStream, given in the constructor, * and encode/decode to/from Base64 notation on the fly. * * @see Base64 * @since 1.3 */ public static class InputStream extends java.io.FilterInputStream { private final boolean encode; // Encoding or decoding private int position; // Current position in the buffer private final byte[] buffer; // Small buffer holding converted data private final int bufferLength; // Length of buffer (3 or 4) private int numSigBytes; // Number of meaningful bytes in the buffer private int lineLength; private final boolean breakLines; // Break lines at less than 80 characters private final int options; // Record options used to create the stream. private final byte[] decodabet; // Local copies to avoid extra method calls /** * Constructs a {@link Base64.InputStream} in DECODE mode. * * @param in the java.io.InputStream from which to read data. * @since 1.3 */ public InputStream( java.io.InputStream in ) { this( in, DECODE ); } // end constructor /** * Constructs a {@link Base64.InputStream} in * either ENCODE or DECODE mode. ** Valid options:
* ENCODE or DECODE: Encode or Decode as data is read.
* DO_BREAK_LINES: break lines at 76 characters
* (only meaningful when encoding)
*
*
* Example: new Base64.InputStream( in, Base64.DECODE )
*
*
* @param in the java.io.InputStream from which to read data.
* @param options Specified options
* @see Base64#ENCODE
* @see Base64#DECODE
* @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
* @since 2.0
*/
public InputStream( java.io.InputStream in, int options ) {
super( in );
this.options = options; // Record for later
this.breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) > 0;
this.encode = (options & ENCODE) > 0;
this.bufferLength = encode ? 4 : 3;
this.buffer = new byte[ bufferLength ];
this.position = -1;
this.lineLength = 0;
this.decodabet = getDecodabet(options);
} // end constructor
/**
* Reads enough of the input stream to convert
* to/from Base64 and returns the next byte.
*
* @return next byte
* @since 1.3
*/
@Override
public int read() throws java.io.IOException {
// Do we need to get data?
if( position < 0 ) {
if( encode ) {
byte[] b3 = new byte[3];
int numBinaryBytes = 0;
for( int i = 0; i < 3; i++ ) {
int b = in.read();
// If end of stream, b is -1.
if( b >= 0 ) {
b3[i] = (byte)b;
numBinaryBytes++;
} else {
break; // out of for loop
} // end else: end of stream
} // end for: each needed input byte
if( numBinaryBytes > 0 ) {
encode3to4( b3, 0, numBinaryBytes, buffer, 0, options );
position = 0;
numSigBytes = 4;
} // end if: got data
else {
return -1; // Must be end of stream
} // end else
} // end if: encoding
// Else decoding
else {
byte[] b4 = new byte[4];
int i = 0;
for( i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) {
// Read four "meaningful" bytes:
int b = 0;
do{ b = in.read(); }
while( b >= 0 && decodabet[ b & 0x7f ] <= WHITE_SPACE_ENC );
if( b < 0 ) {
break; // Reads a -1 if end of stream
} // end if: end of stream
b4[i] = (byte)b;
} // end for: each needed input byte
if( i == 4 ) {
numSigBytes = decode4to3( b4, 0, buffer, 0, options );
position = 0;
} // end if: got four characters
else if( i == 0 ){
return -1;
} // end else if: also padded correctly
else {
// Must have broken out from above.
throw new java.io.IOException( "Improperly padded Base64 input." );
} // end
} // end else: decode
} // end else: get data
// Got data?
if( position >= 0 ) {
// End of relevant data?
if( /*!encode &&*/ position >= numSigBytes ){
return -1;
} // end if: got data
if( encode && breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) {
lineLength = 0;
return '\n';
} // end if
else {
lineLength++; // This isn't important when decoding
// but throwing an extra "if" seems
// just as wasteful.
int b = buffer[ position++ ];
if( position >= bufferLength ) {
position = -1;
} // end if: end
return b & 0xFF; // This is how you "cast" a byte that's
// intended to be unsigned.
} // end else
} // end if: position >= 0
// Else error
else {
throw new java.io.IOException( "Error in Base64 code reading stream." );
} // end else
} // end read
/**
* Calls {@link #read()} repeatedly until the end of stream
* is reached or len bytes are read.
* Returns number of bytes read into array or -1 if
* end of stream is encountered.
*
* @param dest array to hold values
* @param off offset for array
* @param len max number of bytes to read into array
* @return bytes read into array or -1 if end of stream is encountered.
* @since 1.3
*/
@Override
public int read( byte[] dest, int off, int len )
throws java.io.IOException {
int i;
int b;
for( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
b = read();
if( b >= 0 ) {
dest[off + i] = (byte) b;
}
else if( i == 0 ) {
return -1;
}
else {
break; // Out of 'for' loop
} // Out of 'for' loop
} // end for: each byte read
return i;
} // end read
} // end inner class InputStream
/* ******** I N N E R C L A S S O U T P U T S T R E A M ******** */
/**
* A {@link Base64.OutputStream} will write data to another
* java.io.OutputStream, given in the constructor,
* and encode/decode to/from Base64 notation on the fly.
*
* @see Base64
* @since 1.3
*/
public static class OutputStream extends java.io.FilterOutputStream {
private final boolean encode;
private int position;
private byte[] buffer;
private final int bufferLength;
private int lineLength;
private final boolean breakLines;
private final byte[] b4; // Scratch used in a few places
private boolean suspendEncoding;
private final int options; // Record for later
private final byte[] decodabet; // Local copies to avoid extra method calls
/**
* Constructs a {@link Base64.OutputStream} in ENCODE mode.
*
* @param out the java.io.OutputStream to which data will be written.
* @since 1.3
*/
public OutputStream( java.io.OutputStream out ) {
this( out, ENCODE );
} // end constructor
/**
* Constructs a {@link Base64.OutputStream} in
* either ENCODE or DECODE mode.
*
* Valid options:
* ENCODE or DECODE: Encode or Decode as data is read.
* DO_BREAK_LINES: don't break lines at 76 characters
* (only meaningful when encoding)
*
*
* Example: new Base64.OutputStream( out, Base64.ENCODE )
*
* @param out the java.io.OutputStream to which data will be written.
* @param options Specified options.
* @see Base64#ENCODE
* @see Base64#DECODE
* @see Base64#DO_BREAK_LINES
* @since 1.3
*/
public OutputStream( java.io.OutputStream out, int options ) {
super( out );
this.breakLines = (options & DO_BREAK_LINES) != 0;
this.encode = (options & ENCODE) != 0;
this.bufferLength = encode ? 3 : 4;
this.buffer = new byte[ bufferLength ];
this.position = 0;
this.lineLength = 0;
this.suspendEncoding = false;
this.b4 = new byte[4];
this.options = options;
this.decodabet = getDecodabet(options);
} // end constructor
/**
* Writes the byte to the output stream after
* converting to/from Base64 notation.
* When encoding, bytes are buffered three
* at a time before the output stream actually
* gets a write() call.
* When decoding, bytes are buffered four
* at a time.
*
* @param theByte the byte to write
* @since 1.3
*/
@Override
public void write(int theByte)
throws java.io.IOException {
// Encoding suspended?
if( suspendEncoding ) {
this.out.write( theByte );
return;
} // end if: supsended
// Encode?
if( encode ) {
buffer[ position++ ] = (byte)theByte;
if( position >= bufferLength ) { // Enough to encode.
this.out.write( encode3to4( b4, buffer, bufferLength, options ) );
lineLength += 4;
if( breakLines && lineLength >= MAX_LINE_LENGTH ) {
this.out.write( NEW_LINE );
lineLength = 0;
} // end if: end of line
position = 0;
} // end if: enough to output
} // end if: encoding
// Else, Decoding
else {
// Meaningful Base64 character?
if( decodabet[ theByte & 0x7f ] > WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) {
buffer[ position++ ] = (byte)theByte;
if( position >= bufferLength ) { // Enough to output.
int len = Base64.decode4to3( buffer, 0, b4, 0, options );
out.write( b4, 0, len );
position = 0;
} // end if: enough to output
} // end if: meaningful base64 character
else if( decodabet[ theByte & 0x7f ] != WHITE_SPACE_ENC ) {
throw new java.io.IOException( "Invalid character in Base64 data." );
} // end else: not white space either
} // end else: decoding
} // end write
/**
* Calls {@link #write(int)} repeatedly until len
* bytes are written.
*
* @param theBytes array from which to read bytes
* @param off offset for array
* @param len max number of bytes to read into array
* @since 1.3
*/
@Override
public void write( byte[] theBytes, int off, int len )
throws java.io.IOException {
// Encoding suspended?
if( suspendEncoding ) {
this.out.write( theBytes, off, len );
return;
} // end if: supsended
for( int i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
write( theBytes[ off + i ] );
} // end for: each byte written
} // end write
/**
* Method added by PHIL. [Thanks, PHIL. -Rob]
* This pads the buffer without closing the stream.
* @throws java.io.IOException if there's an error.
*/
public void flushBase64() throws java.io.IOException {
if( position > 0 ) {
if( encode ) {
out.write( encode3to4( b4, buffer, position, options ) );
position = 0;
} // end if: encoding
else {
throw new java.io.IOException( "Base64 input not properly padded." );
} // end else: decoding
} // end if: buffer partially full
} // end flush
/**
* Flushes and closes (I think, in the superclass) the stream.
*
* @since 1.3
*/
@Override
public void close() throws java.io.IOException {
// 1. Ensure that pending characters are written
flushBase64();
// 2. Actually close the stream
// Base class both flushes and closes.
super.close();
buffer = null;
out = null;
} // end close
/**
* Suspends encoding of the stream.
* May be helpful if you need to embed a piece of
* base64-encoded data in a stream.
*
* @throws java.io.IOException if there's an error flushing
* @since 1.5.1
*/
public void suspendEncoding() throws java.io.IOException {
flushBase64();
this.suspendEncoding = true;
} // end suspendEncoding
/**
* Resumes encoding of the stream.
* May be helpful if you need to embed a piece of
* base64-encoded data in a stream.
*
* @since 1.5.1
*/
public void resumeEncoding() {
this.suspendEncoding = false;
} // end resumeEncoding
} // end inner class OutputStream
} // end class Base64