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tailscale/ssh/tailssh/incubator.go

1060 lines
32 KiB
Go

// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// This file contains the code for the incubator process. Tailscaled
// launches the incubator as the same user as it was launched as. The
// incubator then registers a new session with the OS, sets its UID
// and groups to the specified `--uid`, `--gid` and `--groups`, and
// then launches the requested `--cmd`.
//go:build linux || (darwin && !ios) || freebsd || openbsd
package tailssh
import (
"errors"
"flag"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"log/syslog"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
"runtime"
"slices"
"sort"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync/atomic"
"syscall"
"github.com/creack/pty"
"github.com/pkg/sftp"
"github.com/u-root/u-root/pkg/termios"
gossh "golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
"tailscale.com/cmd/tailscaled/childproc"
"tailscale.com/hostinfo"
"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
"tailscale.com/tempfork/gliderlabs/ssh"
"tailscale.com/types/logger"
"tailscale.com/version/distro"
)
func init() {
childproc.Add("ssh", beIncubator)
childproc.Add("sftp", beSFTP)
}
var ptyName = func(f *os.File) (string, error) {
return "", fmt.Errorf("unimplemented")
}
// maybeStartLoginSession informs the system that we are about to log someone
// in. On success, it may return a non-nil close func which must be closed to
// release the session.
// We can only do this if we are running as root.
// This is best effort to still allow running on machines where
// we don't support starting sessions, e.g. darwin.
// See maybeStartLoginSessionLinux.
var maybeStartLoginSession = func(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (close func() error) {
return nil
}
// newIncubatorCommand returns a new exec.Cmd configured with
// `tailscaled be-child ssh` as the entrypoint.
//
// If ss.srv.tailscaledPath is empty, this method is equivalent to
// exec.CommandContext.
//
// The returned Cmd.Env is guaranteed to be nil; the caller populates it.
func (ss *sshSession) newIncubatorCommand(logf logger.Logf) (cmd *exec.Cmd, err error) {
defer func() {
if cmd.Env != nil {
panic("internal error")
}
}()
var isSFTP, isShell bool
switch ss.Subsystem() {
case "sftp":
isSFTP = true
case "":
isShell = ss.RawCommand() == ""
default:
panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected subsystem: %v", ss.Subsystem()))
}
if ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath == "" {
if isSFTP {
// SFTP relies on the embedded Go-based SFTP server in tailscaled,
// so without tailscaled, we can't serve SFTP.
return nil, errors.New("no tailscaled found on path, can't serve SFTP")
}
loginShell := ss.conn.localUser.LoginShell()
args := shellArgs(isShell, ss.RawCommand())
logf("directly running %s %q", loginShell, args)
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, loginShell, args...), nil
}
lu := ss.conn.localUser
ci := ss.conn.info
groups := strings.Join(ss.conn.userGroupIDs, ",")
remoteUser := ci.uprof.LoginName
if ci.node.IsTagged() {
remoteUser = strings.Join(ci.node.Tags().AsSlice(), ",")
}
incubatorArgs := []string{
"be-child",
"ssh",
"--login-shell=" + lu.LoginShell(),
"--uid=" + lu.Uid,
"--gid=" + lu.Gid,
"--groups=" + groups,
"--local-user=" + lu.Username,
"--home-dir=" + lu.HomeDir,
"--remote-user=" + remoteUser,
"--remote-ip=" + ci.src.Addr().String(),
"--has-tty=false", // updated in-place by startWithPTY
"--tty-name=", // updated in-place by startWithPTY
}
// We have to check the below outside of the incubator process, because it
// relies on the "getenforce" command being on the PATH, which it is not
// when in the incubator.
if runtime.GOOS == "linux" && hostinfo.IsSELinuxEnforcing() {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--is-selinux-enforcing")
}
forceV1Behavior := ss.conn.srv.lb.NetMap().HasCap(tailcfg.NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1)
if forceV1Behavior {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--force-v1-behavior")
}
if debugTest.Load() {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--debug-test")
}
switch {
case isSFTP:
// Note that we include both the `--sftp` flag and a command to launch
// tailscaled as `be-child sftp`. If login or su is available, and
// we're not running with tailcfg.NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1, this will
// result in serving SFTP within a login shell, with full PAM
// integration. Otherwise, we'll serve SFTP in the incubator process
// with no PAM integration.
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--sftp", fmt.Sprintf("--cmd=%s be-child sftp", ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath))
case isShell:
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--shell")
default:
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--cmd="+ss.RawCommand())
}
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath, incubatorArgs...), nil
}
var debugIncubator bool
var debugTest atomic.Bool
type stdRWC struct{}
func (stdRWC) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
return os.Stdin.Read(p)
}
func (stdRWC) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
return os.Stdout.Write(b)
}
func (stdRWC) Close() error {
os.Exit(0)
return nil
}
type incubatorArgs struct {
loginShell string
uid int
gid int
gids []int
localUser string
homeDir string
remoteUser string
remoteIP string
ttyName string
hasTTY bool
cmd string
isSFTP bool
isShell bool
forceV1Behavior bool
debugTest bool
isSELinuxEnforcing bool
}
func parseIncubatorArgs(args []string) (incubatorArgs, error) {
var ia incubatorArgs
var groups string
flags := flag.NewFlagSet("", flag.ExitOnError)
flags.StringVar(&ia.loginShell, "login-shell", "", "path to the user's preferred login shell")
flags.IntVar(&ia.uid, "uid", 0, "the uid of local-user")
flags.IntVar(&ia.gid, "gid", 0, "the gid of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&groups, "groups", "", "comma-separated list of gids of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&ia.localUser, "local-user", "", "the user to run as")
flags.StringVar(&ia.homeDir, "home-dir", "/", "the user's home directory")
flags.StringVar(&ia.remoteUser, "remote-user", "", "the remote user/tags")
flags.StringVar(&ia.remoteIP, "remote-ip", "", "the remote Tailscale IP")
flags.StringVar(&ia.ttyName, "tty-name", "", "the tty name (pts/3)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.hasTTY, "has-tty", false, "is the output attached to a tty")
flags.StringVar(&ia.cmd, "cmd", "", "the cmd to launch, including all arguments (ignored in sftp mode)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.isShell, "shell", false, "is launching a shell (with no cmds)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.isSFTP, "sftp", false, "run sftp server (cmd is ignored)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.forceV1Behavior, "force-v1-behavior", false, "allow falling back to the su command if login is unavailable")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.debugTest, "debug-test", false, "should debug in test mode")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.isSELinuxEnforcing, "is-selinux-enforcing", false, "whether SELinux is in enforcing mode")
flags.Parse(args)
for _, g := range strings.Split(groups, ",") {
gid, err := strconv.Atoi(g)
if err != nil {
return ia, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse group id %q: %w", g, err)
}
ia.gids = append(ia.gids, gid)
}
return ia, nil
}
// beIncubator is the entrypoint to the `tailscaled be-child ssh` subcommand.
// It is responsible for informing the system of a new login session for the
// user. This is sometimes necessary for mounting home directories and
// decrypting file systems.
//
// Tailscaled launches the incubator as the same user as it was launched as.
func beIncubator(args []string) error {
// To defend against issues like https://golang.org/issue/1435,
// defensively lock our current goroutine's thread to the current
// system thread before we start making any UID/GID/group changes.
//
// This shouldn't matter on Linux because syscall.AllThreadsSyscall is
// used to invoke syscalls on all OS threads, but (as of 2023-03-23)
// that function is not implemented on all platforms.
runtime.LockOSThread()
defer runtime.UnlockOSThread()
ia, err := parseIncubatorArgs(args)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if ia.isSFTP && ia.isShell {
return fmt.Errorf("--sftp and --shell are mutually exclusive")
}
dlogf := logger.Discard
if debugIncubator {
// We don't own stdout or stderr, so the only place we can log is syslog.
if sl, err := syslog.New(syslog.LOG_INFO|syslog.LOG_DAEMON, "tailscaled-ssh"); err == nil {
dlogf = log.New(sl, "", 0).Printf
}
} else if ia.debugTest {
// In testing, we don't always have syslog, so log to a temp file.
if logFile, err := os.OpenFile("/tmp/tailscalessh.log", os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY, 0666); err == nil {
lf := log.New(logFile, "", 0)
dlogf = func(msg string, args ...any) {
lf.Printf(msg, args...)
logFile.Sync()
}
defer logFile.Close()
}
}
if !shouldAttemptLoginShell(dlogf, ia) {
dlogf("not attempting login shell")
return handleInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
// First try the login command
if err := tryExecLogin(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
// If we got here, we weren't able to use login (because tryExecLogin
// returned without replacing the running process), maybe we can use
// su.
if handled, err := trySU(dlogf, ia); handled {
return err
} else {
dlogf("not attempting su")
return handleInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
}
func handleInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
if ia.isSFTP {
return handleSFTPInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
return handleSSHInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
func handleSFTPInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
dlogf("handling sftp")
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
if err := dropPrivileges(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
return serveSFTP()
}
// beSFTP serves SFTP in-process.
func beSFTP(args []string) error {
return serveSFTP()
}
func serveSFTP() error {
server, err := sftp.NewServer(stdRWC{})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// TODO(https://github.com/pkg/sftp/pull/554): Revert the check for io.EOF,
// when sftp is patched to report clean termination.
if err := server.Serve(); err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return err
}
return nil
}
// shouldAttemptLoginShell decides whether we should attempt to get a full
// login shell with the login or su commands. We will attempt a login shell
// if all of the following conditions are met.
//
// - We are running as root
// - This is not an SELinuxEnforcing host
//
// The last condition exists because if we're running on a SELinux-enabled
// system, neiher login nor su will be able to set the correct context for the
// shell. So, we don't bother trying to run them and instead fall back to using
// the incubator to launch the shell.
// See http://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/4908.
func shouldAttemptLoginShell(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) bool {
if ia.forceV1Behavior && ia.isSFTP {
// v1 behavior did not run SFTP within a login shell.
dlogf("Forcing v1 behavior, won't use login shell for SFTP")
return false
}
return runningAsRoot() && !ia.isSELinuxEnforcing
}
func runningAsRoot() bool {
euid := os.Geteuid()
return euid == 0
}
// tryExecLogin attempts to handle the ssh session by creating a full login
// shell using the login command. If it never tried, it returns nil. If it
// failed to do so, it returns an error.
//
// Creating a login shell in this way allows us to register the remote IP of
// the login session, trigger PAM authentication, and get the "remote" PAM
// profile.
//
// However, login is subject to some limitations.
//
// 1. login cannot be used to execute commands except on macOS.
// 2. On Linux and BSD, login requires a TTY to keep running.
//
// In these cases, tryExecLogin returns (false, nil) to indicate that processing
// should fall through to other methods, such as using the su command.
//
// Note that this uses unix.Exec to replace the current process, so in cases
// where we actually do run login, no subsequent Go code will execute.
func tryExecLogin(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
// Only the macOS version of the login command supports executing a
// command, all other versions only support launching a shell without
// taking any arguments.
if !ia.isShell && runtime.GOOS != "darwin" {
dlogf("won't use login because we're not in a shell or on macOS")
return nil
}
switch runtime.GOOS {
case "linux", "freebsd", "openbsd":
if !ia.hasTTY {
dlogf("can't use login because of missing TTY")
// We can only use the login command if a shell was requested with
// a TTY. If there is no TTY, login exits immediately, which
// breaks things like mosh and VSCode.
return nil
}
}
loginCmdPath, err := exec.LookPath("login")
if err != nil {
dlogf("failed to get login args: %s", err)
return nil
}
loginArgs := ia.loginArgs(loginCmdPath)
dlogf("logging in with %+v", loginArgs)
// If Exec works, the Go code will not proceed past this:
err = unix.Exec(loginCmdPath, loginArgs, os.Environ())
// If we made it here, Exec failed.
return err
}
// trySU attempts to start a login shell using su. If su is available and
// supports the necessary arguments, this returns true, plus the result of
// executing su. Otherwise, it returns (false, nil).
//
// Creating a login shell in this way allows us to trigger PAM authentication
// and get the "login" PAM profile.
//
// Unlike login, su often does not require a TTY, so on Linux hosts that have
// an su command which accepts the right flags, we'll use su instead of login
// when no TTY is available.
func trySU(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (handled bool, err error) {
if ia.forceV1Behavior {
// v1 behavior did not use su.
dlogf("Forcing v1 behavior, won't use su")
return false, nil
}
su := findSU(dlogf, ia)
if su == "" {
return false, nil
}
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
loginArgs := []string{
su,
"-w", "SSH_AUTH_SOCK", // pass through SSH_AUTH_SOCK environment variable to support ssh agent forwarding
"-l",
ia.localUser,
}
if ia.cmd != "" {
// Note - unlike the login command, su allows using both -l and -c.
loginArgs = append(loginArgs, "-c", ia.cmd)
}
dlogf("logging in with %+v", loginArgs)
// If Exec works, the Go code will not proceed past this:
err = unix.Exec(su, loginArgs, os.Environ())
// If we made it here, Exec failed.
return true, err
}
// findSU attempts to find an su command which supports the -l and -c flags.
// This actually calls the su command, which can cause side effects like
// triggering pam_mkhomedir. If a suitable su is not available, this returns
// "".
func findSU(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) string {
// Currently, we only support falling back to su on Linux. This
// potentially could work on BSDs as well, but requires testing.
if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
return ""
}
// gokrazy doesn't include su. And, if someone installs a breakglass/
// debugging package on gokrazy, we don't want to use its su.
if distro.Get() == distro.Gokrazy {
return ""
}
su, err := exec.LookPath("su")
if err != nil {
dlogf("can't find su command: %v", err)
return ""
}
// First try to execute su -w SSH_AUTH_SOCK -l <user> -c true
// to make sure su supports the necessary arguments.
err = exec.Command(
su,
"-w", "SSH_AUTH_SOCK",
"-l",
ia.localUser,
"-c", "true",
).Run()
if err != nil {
dlogf("su check failed: %s", err)
return ""
}
return su
}
// handleSSHInProcess is a last resort if we couldn't use login or su. It
// registers a new session with the OS, sets its UID, GID and groups to the
// specified values, and then launches the requested `--cmd` in the user's
// login shell.
func handleSSHInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
if err := dropPrivileges(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
args := shellArgs(ia.isShell, ia.cmd)
dlogf("running %s %q", ia.loginShell, args)
cmd := newCommand(ia.hasTTY, ia.loginShell, args)
err := cmd.Run()
if ee, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
ps := ee.ProcessState
code := ps.ExitCode()
if code < 0 {
// TODO(bradfitz): do we need to also check the syscall.WaitStatus
// and make our process look like it also died by signal/same signal
// as our child process? For now we just do the exit code.
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "[tailscale-ssh: process died: %v]\n", ps.String())
code = 1 // for now. so we don't exit with negative
}
os.Exit(code)
}
return err
}
func newCommand(hasTTY bool, cmdPath string, cmdArgs []string) *exec.Cmd {
cmd := exec.Command(cmdPath, cmdArgs...)
cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
cmd.Env = os.Environ()
if hasTTY {
// If we were launched with a tty then we should mark that as the ctty
// of the child. However, as the ctty is being passed from the parent
// we set the child to foreground instead which also passes the ctty.
// However, we can not do this if never had a tty to begin with.
cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
Foreground: true,
}
}
return cmd
}
const (
// This controls whether we assert that our privileges were dropped
// using geteuid/getegid; it's a const and not an envknob because the
// incubator doesn't see the parent's environment.
//
// TODO(andrew): remove this const and always do this after sufficient
// testing, e.g. the 1.40 release
assertPrivilegesWereDropped = true
// TODO(andrew-d): verify that this works in more configurations before
// enabling by default.
assertPrivilegesWereDroppedByAttemptingToUnDrop = false
)
// dropPrivileges calls doDropPrivileges with uid, gid, and gids from the given
// incubatorArgs.
func dropPrivileges(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
return doDropPrivileges(dlogf, ia.uid, ia.gid, ia.gids, ia.homeDir)
}
// doDropPrivileges contains all the logic for dropping privileges to a different
// UID, GID, and set of supplementary groups. This function is
// security-sensitive and ordering-dependent; please be very cautious if/when
// refactoring.
//
// WARNING: if you change this function, you *MUST* run the TestDoDropPrivileges
// test in this package as root on at least Linux, FreeBSD and Darwin. This can
// be done by running:
//
// go test -c ./ssh/tailssh/ && sudo ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestDoDropPrivileges
func doDropPrivileges(dlogf logger.Logf, wantUid, wantGid int, supplementaryGroups []int, homeDir string) error {
dlogf("dropping privileges")
fatalf := func(format string, args ...any) {
dlogf("[unexpected] error dropping privileges: "+format, args...)
os.Exit(1)
}
euid := os.Geteuid()
egid := os.Getegid()
if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" || runtime.GOOS == "freebsd" {
// On FreeBSD and Darwin, the first entry returned from the
// getgroups(2) syscall is the egid, and changing it with
// setgroups(2) changes the egid of the process. This is
// technically a violation of the POSIX standard; see the
// following article for more detail:
// https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/325-tsafrir.pdf
//
// In this case, we add an entry at the beginning of the
// groupIDs list containing the expected gid if it's not
// already there, which modifies the egid and additional groups
// as one unit.
if len(supplementaryGroups) == 0 || supplementaryGroups[0] != wantGid {
supplementaryGroups = append([]int{wantGid}, supplementaryGroups...)
}
}
if err := setGroups(supplementaryGroups); err != nil {
return err
}
if egid != wantGid {
// On FreeBSD and Darwin, we may have already called the
// equivalent of setegid(wantGid) via the call to setGroups,
// above. However, per the manpage, setgid(getegid()) is an
// allowed operation regardless of privilege level.
//
// FreeBSD:
// The setgid() system call is permitted if the specified ID
// is equal to the real group ID or the effective group ID
// of the process, or if the effective user ID is that of
// the super user.
//
// Darwin:
// The setgid() function is permitted if the effective
// user ID is that of the super user, or if the specified
// group ID is the same as the effective group ID. If
// not, but the specified group ID is the same as the real
// group ID, setgid() will set the effective group ID to
// the real group ID.
if err := syscall.Setgid(wantGid); err != nil {
fatalf("Setgid(%d): %v", wantGid, err)
}
}
if euid != wantUid {
// Switch users if required before starting the desired process.
if err := syscall.Setuid(wantUid); err != nil {
fatalf("Setuid(%d): %v", wantUid, err)
}
}
// If we changed either the UID or GID, defensively assert that we
// cannot reset the it back to our original values, and that the
// current egid/euid are the expected values after we change
// everything; if not, we exit the process.
if assertPrivilegesWereDroppedByAttemptingToUnDrop {
if egid != wantGid {
if err := syscall.Setegid(egid); err == nil {
fatalf("able to set egid back to %d", egid)
}
}
if euid != wantUid {
if err := syscall.Seteuid(euid); err == nil {
fatalf("able to set euid back to %d", euid)
}
}
}
if assertPrivilegesWereDropped {
if got := os.Getegid(); got != wantGid {
fatalf("got egid=%d, want %d", got, wantGid)
}
if got := os.Geteuid(); got != wantUid {
fatalf("got euid=%d, want %d", got, wantUid)
}
// TODO(andrew-d): assert that our supplementary groups are correct
}
// Prefer to run in user's homedir if possible. We ignore a failure to Chdir,
// which just leaves us at "/" where we launched in the first place.
dlogf("attempting to chdir to user's home directory %q", homeDir)
if err := os.Chdir(homeDir); err != nil {
dlogf("failed to chdir to user's home directory %q, continuing in current directory", homeDir)
}
return nil
}
// launchProcess launches an incubator process for the provided session.
// It is responsible for configuring the process execution environment.
// The caller can wait for the process to exit by calling cmd.Wait().
//
// It sets ss.cmd, stdin, stdout, and stderr.
func (ss *sshSession) launchProcess() error {
var err error
ss.cmd, err = ss.newIncubatorCommand(ss.logf)
if err != nil {
return err
}
cmd := ss.cmd
cmd.Dir = "/"
cmd.Env = envForUser(ss.conn.localUser)
for _, kv := range ss.Environ() {
if acceptEnvPair(kv) {
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, kv)
}
}
ci := ss.conn.info
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env,
fmt.Sprintf("SSH_CLIENT=%s %d %d", ci.src.Addr(), ci.src.Port(), ci.dst.Port()),
fmt.Sprintf("SSH_CONNECTION=%s %d %s %d", ci.src.Addr(), ci.src.Port(), ci.dst.Addr(), ci.dst.Port()),
)
if ss.agentListener != nil {
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, fmt.Sprintf("SSH_AUTH_SOCK=%s", ss.agentListener.Addr()))
}
ptyReq, winCh, isPty := ss.Pty()
if !isPty {
ss.logf("starting non-pty command: %+v", cmd.Args)
return ss.startWithStdPipes()
}
if sshDisablePTY() {
ss.logf("pty support disabled by envknob")
return errors.New("pty support disabled by envknob")
}
ss.ptyReq = &ptyReq
pty, tty, err := ss.startWithPTY()
if err != nil {
return err
}
// We need to be able to close stdin and stdout separately later so make a
// dup.
ptyDup, err := syscall.Dup(int(pty.Fd()))
if err != nil {
pty.Close()
tty.Close()
return err
}
go resizeWindow(ptyDup /* arbitrary fd */, winCh)
ss.wrStdin = pty
ss.rdStdout = os.NewFile(uintptr(ptyDup), pty.Name())
ss.rdStderr = nil // not available for pty
ss.childPipes = []io.Closer{tty}
return nil
}
func resizeWindow(fd int, winCh <-chan ssh.Window) {
for win := range winCh {
unix.IoctlSetWinsize(fd, syscall.TIOCSWINSZ, &unix.Winsize{
Row: uint16(win.Height),
Col: uint16(win.Width),
})
}
}
// opcodeShortName is a mapping of SSH opcode
// to mnemonic names expected by the termios package.
// These are meant to be platform independent.
var opcodeShortName = map[uint8]string{
gossh.VINTR: "intr",
gossh.VQUIT: "quit",
gossh.VERASE: "erase",
gossh.VKILL: "kill",
gossh.VEOF: "eof",
gossh.VEOL: "eol",
gossh.VEOL2: "eol2",
gossh.VSTART: "start",
gossh.VSTOP: "stop",
gossh.VSUSP: "susp",
gossh.VDSUSP: "dsusp",
gossh.VREPRINT: "rprnt",
gossh.VWERASE: "werase",
gossh.VLNEXT: "lnext",
gossh.VFLUSH: "flush",
gossh.VSWTCH: "swtch",
gossh.VSTATUS: "status",
gossh.VDISCARD: "discard",
gossh.IGNPAR: "ignpar",
gossh.PARMRK: "parmrk",
gossh.INPCK: "inpck",
gossh.ISTRIP: "istrip",
gossh.INLCR: "inlcr",
gossh.IGNCR: "igncr",
gossh.ICRNL: "icrnl",
gossh.IUCLC: "iuclc",
gossh.IXON: "ixon",
gossh.IXANY: "ixany",
gossh.IXOFF: "ixoff",
gossh.IMAXBEL: "imaxbel",
gossh.IUTF8: "iutf8",
gossh.ISIG: "isig",
gossh.ICANON: "icanon",
gossh.XCASE: "xcase",
gossh.ECHO: "echo",
gossh.ECHOE: "echoe",
gossh.ECHOK: "echok",
gossh.ECHONL: "echonl",
gossh.NOFLSH: "noflsh",
gossh.TOSTOP: "tostop",
gossh.IEXTEN: "iexten",
gossh.ECHOCTL: "echoctl",
gossh.ECHOKE: "echoke",
gossh.PENDIN: "pendin",
gossh.OPOST: "opost",
gossh.OLCUC: "olcuc",
gossh.ONLCR: "onlcr",
gossh.OCRNL: "ocrnl",
gossh.ONOCR: "onocr",
gossh.ONLRET: "onlret",
gossh.CS7: "cs7",
gossh.CS8: "cs8",
gossh.PARENB: "parenb",
gossh.PARODD: "parodd",
gossh.TTY_OP_ISPEED: "tty_op_ispeed",
gossh.TTY_OP_OSPEED: "tty_op_ospeed",
}
// startWithPTY starts cmd with a pseudo-terminal attached to Stdin, Stdout and Stderr.
func (ss *sshSession) startWithPTY() (ptyFile, tty *os.File, err error) {
ptyReq := ss.ptyReq
cmd := ss.cmd
if cmd == nil {
return nil, nil, errors.New("nil ss.cmd")
}
if ptyReq == nil {
return nil, nil, errors.New("nil ss.ptyReq")
}
ptyFile, tty, err = pty.Open()
if err != nil {
err = fmt.Errorf("pty.Open: %w", err)
return
}
defer func() {
if err != nil {
ptyFile.Close()
tty.Close()
}
}()
ptyRawConn, err := tty.SyscallConn()
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("SyscallConn: %w", err)
}
var ctlErr error
if err := ptyRawConn.Control(func(fd uintptr) {
// Load existing PTY settings to modify them & save them back.
tios, err := termios.GTTY(int(fd))
if err != nil {
ctlErr = fmt.Errorf("GTTY: %w", err)
return
}
// Set the rows & cols to those advertised from the ptyReq frame
// received over SSH.
tios.Row = int(ptyReq.Window.Height)
tios.Col = int(ptyReq.Window.Width)
for c, v := range ptyReq.Modes {
if c == gossh.TTY_OP_ISPEED {
tios.Ispeed = int(v)
continue
}
if c == gossh.TTY_OP_OSPEED {
tios.Ospeed = int(v)
continue
}
k, ok := opcodeShortName[c]
if !ok {
ss.vlogf("unknown opcode: %d", c)
continue
}
if _, ok := tios.CC[k]; ok {
tios.CC[k] = uint8(v)
continue
}
if _, ok := tios.Opts[k]; ok {
tios.Opts[k] = v > 0
continue
}
ss.vlogf("unsupported opcode: %v(%d)=%v", k, c, v)
}
// Save PTY settings.
if _, err := tios.STTY(int(fd)); err != nil {
ctlErr = fmt.Errorf("STTY: %w", err)
return
}
}); err != nil {
return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("ptyRawConn.Control: %w", err)
}
if ctlErr != nil {
return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("ptyRawConn.Control func: %w", ctlErr)
}
cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
Setctty: true,
Setsid: true,
}
updateStringInSlice(cmd.Args, "--has-tty=false", "--has-tty=true")
if ptyName, err := ptyName(ptyFile); err == nil {
updateStringInSlice(cmd.Args, "--tty-name=", "--tty-name="+ptyName)
fullPath := filepath.Join("/dev", ptyName)
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, fmt.Sprintf("SSH_TTY=%s", fullPath))
}
if ptyReq.Term != "" {
cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, fmt.Sprintf("TERM=%s", ptyReq.Term))
}
cmd.Stdin = tty
cmd.Stdout = tty
cmd.Stderr = tty
ss.logf("starting pty command: %+v", cmd.Args)
if err = cmd.Start(); err != nil {
return
}
return ptyFile, tty, nil
}
// startWithStdPipes starts cmd with os.Pipe for Stdin, Stdout and Stderr.
func (ss *sshSession) startWithStdPipes() (err error) {
var rdStdin, wrStdout, wrStderr io.ReadWriteCloser
defer func() {
if err != nil {
closeAll(rdStdin, ss.wrStdin, ss.rdStdout, wrStdout, ss.rdStderr, wrStderr)
}
}()
if ss.cmd == nil {
return errors.New("nil cmd")
}
if rdStdin, ss.wrStdin, err = os.Pipe(); err != nil {
return err
}
if ss.rdStdout, wrStdout, err = os.Pipe(); err != nil {
return err
}
if ss.rdStderr, wrStderr, err = os.Pipe(); err != nil {
return err
}
ss.cmd.Stdin = rdStdin
ss.cmd.Stdout = wrStdout
ss.cmd.Stderr = wrStderr
ss.childPipes = []io.Closer{rdStdin, wrStdout, wrStderr}
return ss.cmd.Start()
}
func envForUser(u *userMeta) []string {
return []string{
fmt.Sprintf("SHELL=" + u.LoginShell()),
fmt.Sprintf("USER=" + u.Username),
fmt.Sprintf("HOME=" + u.HomeDir),
fmt.Sprintf("PATH=" + defaultPathForUser(&u.User)),
}
}
// updateStringInSlice mutates ss to change the first occurrence of a
// to b.
func updateStringInSlice(ss []string, a, b string) {
for i, s := range ss {
if s == a {
ss[i] = b
return
}
}
}
// acceptEnvPair reports whether the environment variable key=value pair
// should be accepted from the client. It uses the same default as OpenSSH
// AcceptEnv.
func acceptEnvPair(kv string) bool {
k, _, ok := strings.Cut(kv, "=")
if !ok {
return false
}
return k == "TERM" || k == "LANG" || strings.HasPrefix(k, "LC_")
}
func fileExists(path string) bool {
_, err := os.Stat(path)
return err == nil
}
// loginArgs returns the arguments to use to exec the login binary.
func (ia *incubatorArgs) loginArgs(loginCmdPath string) []string {
switch runtime.GOOS {
case "darwin":
args := []string{
loginCmdPath,
"-f", // already authenticated
// login typically discards the previous environment, but we want to
// preserve any environment variables that we currently have.
"-p",
"-h", ia.remoteIP, // -h is "remote host"
ia.localUser,
}
if !ia.hasTTY {
args[2] = "-pq" // -q is "quiet" which suppresses the login banner
}
if ia.cmd != "" {
args = append(args, ia.loginShell, "-c", ia.cmd)
}
return args
case "linux":
if distro.Get() == distro.Arch && !fileExists("/etc/pam.d/remote") {
// See https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/4924
//
// Arch uses a different login binary that makes the -h flag set the PAM
// service to "remote". So if they don't have that configured, don't
// pass -h.
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-p"}
}
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-h", ia.remoteIP, "-p"}
case "freebsd", "openbsd":
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-fp", "-h", ia.remoteIP, ia.localUser}
}
panic("unimplemented")
}
func shellArgs(isShell bool, cmd string) []string {
if isShell {
return []string{"-l"}
} else {
return []string{"-c", cmd}
}
}
func setGroups(groupIDs []int) error {
if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && len(groupIDs) > 16 {
// darwin returns "invalid argument" if more than 16 groups are passed to syscall.Setgroups
// some info can be found here:
// https://opensource.apple.com/source/samba/samba-187.8/patches/support-darwin-initgroups-syscall.auto.html
// this fix isn't great, as anyone reading this has probably just wasted hours figuring out why
// some permissions thing isn't working, due to some arbitrary group ordering, but it at least allows
// this to work for more things than it previously did.
groupIDs = groupIDs[:16]
}
err := syscall.Setgroups(groupIDs)
if err != nil && os.Geteuid() != 0 && groupsMatchCurrent(groupIDs) {
// If we're not root, ignore a Setgroups failure if all groups are the same.
return nil
}
return err
}
func groupsMatchCurrent(groupIDs []int) bool {
existing, err := syscall.Getgroups()
if err != nil {
return false
}
if len(existing) != len(groupIDs) {
return false
}
groupIDs = slices.Clone(groupIDs)
sort.Ints(groupIDs)
sort.Ints(existing)
return slices.Equal(groupIDs, existing)
}