// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause

package appc

import (
	"context"
	"net/netip"
	"reflect"
	"slices"
	"testing"
	"time"

	xmaps "golang.org/x/exp/maps"
	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
	"tailscale.com/appc/appctest"
	"tailscale.com/tstest"
	"tailscale.com/util/mak"
	"tailscale.com/util/must"
)

func fakeStoreRoutes(*RouteInfo) error { return nil }

func TestUpdateDomains(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, &appctest.RouteCollector{}, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, &appctest.RouteCollector{}, nil, nil)
		}
		a.UpdateDomains([]string{"example.com"})

		a.Wait(ctx)
		if got, want := a.Domains().AsSlice(), []string{"example.com"}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		addr := netip.MustParseAddr("192.0.0.8")
		a.domains["example.com"] = append(a.domains["example.com"], addr)
		a.UpdateDomains([]string{"example.com"})
		a.Wait(ctx)

		if got, want := a.domains["example.com"], []netip.Addr{addr}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		// domains are explicitly downcased on set.
		a.UpdateDomains([]string{"UP.EXAMPLE.COM"})
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if got, want := xmaps.Keys(a.domains), []string{"up.example.com"}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}
	}
}

func TestUpdateRoutes(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		a.updateDomains([]string{"*.example.com"})

		// This route should be collapsed into the range
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("a.example.com.", "192.0.2.1"))
		a.Wait(ctx)

		if !slices.Equal(rc.Routes(), []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.1/32")}) {
			t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", rc.Routes(), []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.1/32")})
		}

		// This route should not be collapsed or removed
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("b.example.com.", "192.0.0.1"))
		a.Wait(ctx)

		routes := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24"), netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.0.1/32")}
		a.updateRoutes(routes)

		slices.SortFunc(rc.Routes(), prefixCompare)
		rc.SetRoutes(slices.Compact(rc.Routes()))
		slices.SortFunc(routes, prefixCompare)

		// Ensure that the non-matching /32 is preserved, even though it's in the domains table.
		if !slices.EqualFunc(routes, rc.Routes(), prefixEqual) {
			t.Errorf("added routes: got %v, want %v", rc.Routes(), routes)
		}

		// Ensure that the contained /32 is removed, replaced by the /24.
		wantRemoved := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.1/32")}
		if !slices.EqualFunc(rc.RemovedRoutes(), wantRemoved, prefixEqual) {
			t.Fatalf("unexpected removed routes: %v", rc.RemovedRoutes())
		}
	}
}

func TestUpdateRoutesUnadvertisesContainedRoutes(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		mak.Set(&a.domains, "example.com", []netip.Addr{netip.MustParseAddr("192.0.2.1")})
		rc.SetRoutes([]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.1/32")})
		routes := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24")}
		a.updateRoutes(routes)

		if !slices.EqualFunc(routes, rc.Routes(), prefixEqual) {
			t.Fatalf("got %v, want %v", rc.Routes(), routes)
		}
	}
}

func TestDomainRoutes(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		a.updateDomains([]string{"example.com"})
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "192.0.0.8"))
		a.Wait(context.Background())

		want := map[string][]netip.Addr{
			"example.com": {netip.MustParseAddr("192.0.0.8")},
		}

		if got := a.DomainRoutes(); !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
			t.Fatalf("DomainRoutes: got %v, want %v", got, want)
		}
	}
}

func TestObserveDNSResponse(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}

		// a has no domains configured, so it should not advertise any routes
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "192.0.0.8"))
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), ([]netip.Prefix)(nil); !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		wantRoutes := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.0.8/32")}

		a.updateDomains([]string{"example.com"})
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "192.0.0.8"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), wantRoutes; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		// a CNAME record chain should result in a route being added if the chain
		// matches a routed domain.
		a.updateDomains([]string{"www.example.com", "example.com"})
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsCNAMEResponse("192.0.0.9", "www.example.com.", "chain.example.com.", "example.com."))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		wantRoutes = append(wantRoutes, netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.0.9/32"))
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), wantRoutes; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		// a CNAME record chain should result in a route being added if the chain
		// even if only found in the middle of the chain
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsCNAMEResponse("192.0.0.10", "outside.example.org.", "www.example.com.", "example.org."))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		wantRoutes = append(wantRoutes, netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.0.10/32"))
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), wantRoutes; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		wantRoutes = append(wantRoutes, netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::1/128"))

		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "2001:db8::1"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), wantRoutes; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		// don't re-advertise routes that have already been advertised
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "2001:db8::1"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if !slices.Equal(rc.Routes(), wantRoutes) {
			t.Errorf("rc.Routes(): got %v; want %v", rc.Routes(), wantRoutes)
		}

		// don't advertise addresses that are already in a control provided route
		pfx := netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/24")
		a.updateRoutes([]netip.Prefix{pfx})
		wantRoutes = append(wantRoutes, pfx)
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("example.com.", "192.0.2.1"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if !slices.Equal(rc.Routes(), wantRoutes) {
			t.Errorf("rc.Routes(): got %v; want %v", rc.Routes(), wantRoutes)
		}
		if !slices.Contains(a.domains["example.com"], netip.MustParseAddr("192.0.2.1")) {
			t.Errorf("missing %v from %v", "192.0.2.1", a.domains["exmaple.com"])
		}
	}
}

func TestWildcardDomains(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}
		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}

		a.updateDomains([]string{"*.example.com"})
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("foo.example.com.", "192.0.0.8"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		if got, want := rc.Routes(), []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.0.8/32")}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("routes: got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}
		if got, want := a.wildcards, []string{"example.com"}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("wildcards: got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		a.updateDomains([]string{"*.example.com", "example.com"})
		if _, ok := a.domains["foo.example.com"]; !ok {
			t.Errorf("expected foo.example.com to be preserved in domains due to wildcard")
		}
		if got, want := a.wildcards, []string{"example.com"}; !slices.Equal(got, want) {
			t.Errorf("wildcards: got %v; want %v", got, want)
		}

		// There was an early regression where the wildcard domain was added repeatedly, this guards against that.
		a.updateDomains([]string{"*.example.com", "example.com"})
		if len(a.wildcards) != 1 {
			t.Errorf("expected only one wildcard domain, got %v", a.wildcards)
		}
	}
}

// dnsResponse is a test helper that creates a DNS response buffer for the given domain and address
func dnsResponse(domain, address string) []byte {
	addr := netip.MustParseAddr(address)
	b := dnsmessage.NewBuilder(nil, dnsmessage.Header{})
	b.EnableCompression()
	b.StartAnswers()
	switch addr.BitLen() {
	case 32:
		b.AResource(
			dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
				Name:  dnsmessage.MustNewName(domain),
				Type:  dnsmessage.TypeA,
				Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
				TTL:   0,
			},
			dnsmessage.AResource{
				A: addr.As4(),
			},
		)
	case 128:
		b.AAAAResource(
			dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
				Name:  dnsmessage.MustNewName(domain),
				Type:  dnsmessage.TypeAAAA,
				Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
				TTL:   0,
			},
			dnsmessage.AAAAResource{
				AAAA: addr.As16(),
			},
		)
	default:
		panic("invalid address length")
	}
	return must.Get(b.Finish())
}

func dnsCNAMEResponse(address string, domains ...string) []byte {
	addr := netip.MustParseAddr(address)
	b := dnsmessage.NewBuilder(nil, dnsmessage.Header{})
	b.EnableCompression()
	b.StartAnswers()

	if len(domains) >= 2 {
		for i, domain := range domains[:len(domains)-1] {
			b.CNAMEResource(
				dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
					Name:  dnsmessage.MustNewName(domain),
					Type:  dnsmessage.TypeCNAME,
					Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
					TTL:   0,
				},
				dnsmessage.CNAMEResource{
					CNAME: dnsmessage.MustNewName(domains[i+1]),
				},
			)
		}
	}

	domain := domains[len(domains)-1]

	switch addr.BitLen() {
	case 32:
		b.AResource(
			dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
				Name:  dnsmessage.MustNewName(domain),
				Type:  dnsmessage.TypeA,
				Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
				TTL:   0,
			},
			dnsmessage.AResource{
				A: addr.As4(),
			},
		)
	case 128:
		b.AAAAResource(
			dnsmessage.ResourceHeader{
				Name:  dnsmessage.MustNewName(domain),
				Type:  dnsmessage.TypeAAAA,
				Class: dnsmessage.ClassINET,
				TTL:   0,
			},
			dnsmessage.AAAAResource{
				AAAA: addr.As16(),
			},
		)
	default:
		panic("invalid address length")
	}
	return must.Get(b.Finish())
}

func prefixEqual(a, b netip.Prefix) bool {
	return a == b
}

func prefixCompare(a, b netip.Prefix) int {
	if a.Addr().Compare(b.Addr()) == 0 {
		return a.Bits() - b.Bits()
	}
	return a.Addr().Compare(b.Addr())
}

func prefixes(in ...string) []netip.Prefix {
	toRet := make([]netip.Prefix, len(in))
	for i, s := range in {
		toRet[i] = netip.MustParsePrefix(s)
	}
	return toRet
}

func TestUpdateRouteRouteRemoval(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}

		assertRoutes := func(prefix string, routes, removedRoutes []netip.Prefix) {
			if !slices.Equal(routes, rc.Routes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) routes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, routes, rc.Routes())
			}
			if !slices.Equal(removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) removedRoutes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes())
			}
		}

		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		// nothing has yet been advertised
		assertRoutes("appc init", []netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{})

		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{}, prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// the routes passed to UpdateDomainsAndRoutes have been advertised
		assertRoutes("simple update", prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32"), []netip.Prefix{})

		// one route the same, one different
		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{}, prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.3/32"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// old behavior: routes are not removed, resulting routes are both old and new
		// (we have dupe 1.2.3.1 routes because the test RouteAdvertiser doesn't have the deduplication
		// the real one does)
		wantRoutes := prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32", "1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.3/32")
		wantRemovedRoutes := []netip.Prefix{}
		if shouldStore {
			// new behavior: routes are removed, resulting routes are new only
			wantRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.3/32")
			wantRemovedRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.2/32")
		}
		assertRoutes("removal", wantRoutes, wantRemovedRoutes)
	}
}

func TestUpdateDomainRouteRemoval(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}

		assertRoutes := func(prefix string, routes, removedRoutes []netip.Prefix) {
			if !slices.Equal(routes, rc.Routes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) routes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, routes, rc.Routes())
			}
			if !slices.Equal(removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) removedRoutes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes())
			}
		}

		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		assertRoutes("appc init", []netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{})

		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{"a.example.com", "b.example.com"}, []netip.Prefix{})
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// adding domains doesn't immediately cause any routes to be advertised
		assertRoutes("update domains", []netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{})

		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("a.example.com.", "1.2.3.1"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("a.example.com.", "1.2.3.2"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("b.example.com.", "1.2.3.3"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("b.example.com.", "1.2.3.4"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// observing dns responses causes routes to be advertised
		assertRoutes("observed dns", prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32", "1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32"), []netip.Prefix{})

		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{"a.example.com"}, []netip.Prefix{})
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// old behavior, routes are not removed
		wantRoutes := prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32", "1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32")
		wantRemovedRoutes := []netip.Prefix{}
		if shouldStore {
			// new behavior, routes are removed for b.example.com
			wantRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32")
			wantRemovedRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32")
		}
		assertRoutes("removal", wantRoutes, wantRemovedRoutes)
	}
}

func TestUpdateWildcardRouteRemoval(t *testing.T) {
	for _, shouldStore := range []bool{false, true} {
		ctx := context.Background()
		rc := &appctest.RouteCollector{}

		assertRoutes := func(prefix string, routes, removedRoutes []netip.Prefix) {
			if !slices.Equal(routes, rc.Routes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) routes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, routes, rc.Routes())
			}
			if !slices.Equal(removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes()) {
				t.Fatalf("%s: (shouldStore=%t) removedRoutes want %v, got %v", prefix, shouldStore, removedRoutes, rc.RemovedRoutes())
			}
		}

		var a *AppConnector
		if shouldStore {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, &RouteInfo{}, fakeStoreRoutes)
		} else {
			a = NewAppConnector(t.Logf, rc, nil, nil)
		}
		assertRoutes("appc init", []netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{})

		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{"a.example.com", "*.b.example.com"}, []netip.Prefix{})
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// adding domains doesn't immediately cause any routes to be advertised
		assertRoutes("update domains", []netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{})

		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("a.example.com.", "1.2.3.1"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("a.example.com.", "1.2.3.2"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("1.b.example.com.", "1.2.3.3"))
		a.ObserveDNSResponse(dnsResponse("2.b.example.com.", "1.2.3.4"))
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// observing dns responses causes routes to be advertised
		assertRoutes("observed dns", prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32", "1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32"), []netip.Prefix{})

		a.UpdateDomainsAndRoutes([]string{"a.example.com"}, []netip.Prefix{})
		a.Wait(ctx)
		// old behavior, routes are not removed
		wantRoutes := prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32", "1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32")
		wantRemovedRoutes := []netip.Prefix{}
		if shouldStore {
			// new behavior, routes are removed for *.b.example.com
			wantRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.1/32", "1.2.3.2/32")
			wantRemovedRoutes = prefixes("1.2.3.3/32", "1.2.3.4/32")
		}
		assertRoutes("removal", wantRoutes, wantRemovedRoutes)
	}
}

func TestRoutesWithout(t *testing.T) {
	assert := func(msg string, got, want []netip.Prefix) {
		if !slices.Equal(want, got) {
			t.Errorf("%s: want %v, got %v", msg, want, got)
		}
	}

	assert("empty routes", routesWithout([]netip.Prefix{}, []netip.Prefix{}), []netip.Prefix{})
	assert("a empty", routesWithout([]netip.Prefix{}, prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32")), []netip.Prefix{})
	assert("b empty", routesWithout(prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32"), []netip.Prefix{}), prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32"))
	assert("no overlap", routesWithout(prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32"), prefixes("1.1.1.3/32", "1.1.1.4/32")), prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32"))
	assert("a has fewer", routesWithout(prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32"), prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32", "1.1.1.3/32", "1.1.1.4/32")), []netip.Prefix{})
	assert("a has more", routesWithout(prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.2/32", "1.1.1.3/32", "1.1.1.4/32"), prefixes("1.1.1.1/32", "1.1.1.3/32")), prefixes("1.1.1.2/32", "1.1.1.4/32"))
}

func TestRateLogger(t *testing.T) {
	clock := tstest.Clock{}
	wasCalled := false
	rl := newRateLogger(func() time.Time { return clock.Now() }, 1*time.Second, func(count int64, _ time.Time, _ int64) {
		if count != 3 {
			t.Fatalf("count for prev period: got %d, want 3", count)
		}
		wasCalled = true
	})

	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
		clock.Advance(1 * time.Millisecond)
		rl.update(0)
		if wasCalled {
			t.Fatalf("wasCalled: got true, want false")
		}
	}

	clock.Advance(1 * time.Second)
	rl.update(0)
	if !wasCalled {
		t.Fatalf("wasCalled: got false, want true")
	}

	wasCalled = false
	rl = newRateLogger(func() time.Time { return clock.Now() }, 1*time.Hour, func(count int64, _ time.Time, _ int64) {
		if count != 3 {
			t.Fatalf("count for prev period: got %d, want 3", count)
		}
		wasCalled = true
	})

	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
		clock.Advance(1 * time.Minute)
		rl.update(0)
		if wasCalled {
			t.Fatalf("wasCalled: got true, want false")
		}
	}

	clock.Advance(1 * time.Hour)
	rl.update(0)
	if !wasCalled {
		t.Fatalf("wasCalled: got false, want true")
	}
}