ssh/tailssh: fall back to using su when no TTY available on Linux

This allows pam authentication to run for ssh sessions, triggering
automation like pam_mkhomedir.

Updates #11854

Signed-off-by: Percy Wegmann <percy@tailscale.com>
pull/12279/head
Percy Wegmann 3 weeks ago committed by Percy Wegmann
parent f1d10c12ac
commit 08a9551a73

@ -115,10 +115,7 @@ sshintegrationtest: ## Run the SSH integration tests in various Docker container
echo "Testing on ubuntu:focal" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:focal" -t ssh-ubuntu-focal ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on ubuntu:jammy" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:jammy" -t ssh-ubuntu-jammy ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on ubuntu:mantic" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:mantic" -t ssh-ubuntu-mantic ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on ubuntu:noble" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:noble" -t ssh-ubuntu-noble ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on fedora:38" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=dokken/fedora-38" -t ssh-fedora-38 ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on fedora:39" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=dokken/fedora-39" -t ssh-fedora-39 ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
echo "Testing on fedora:40" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=dokken/fedora-40" -t ssh-fedora-40 ssh/tailssh/testcontainers
echo "Testing on ubuntu:noble" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:noble" -t ssh-ubuntu-noble ssh/tailssh/testcontainers
help: ## Show this help
@echo "\nSpecify a command. The choices are:\n"

@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ require (
github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/s3/manager v1.11.64
github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3 v1.33.0
github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ssm v1.44.7
github.com/bramvdbogaerde/go-scp v1.4.0
github.com/coreos/go-iptables v0.7.1-0.20240112124308-65c67c9f46e6
github.com/coreos/go-systemd v0.0.0-20191104093116-d3cd4ed1dbcf
github.com/creack/pty v1.1.21

@ -177,6 +177,8 @@ github.com/blizzy78/varnamelen v0.8.0 h1:oqSblyuQvFsW1hbBHh1zfwrKe3kcSj0rnXkKzsQ
github.com/blizzy78/varnamelen v0.8.0/go.mod h1:V9TzQZ4fLJ1DSrjVDfl89H7aMnTvKkApdHeyESmyR7k=
github.com/bombsimon/wsl/v3 v3.4.0 h1:RkSxjT3tmlptwfgEgTgU+KYKLI35p/tviNXNXiL2aNU=
github.com/bombsimon/wsl/v3 v3.4.0/go.mod h1:KkIB+TXkqy6MvK9BDZVbZxKNYsE1/oLRJbIFtf14qqo=
github.com/bramvdbogaerde/go-scp v1.4.0 h1:jKMwpwCbcX1KyvDbm/PDJuXcMuNVlLGi0Q0reuzjyKY=
github.com/bramvdbogaerde/go-scp v1.4.0/go.mod h1:on2aH5AxaFb2G0N5Vsdy6B0Ml7k9HuHSwfo1y0QzAbQ=
github.com/breml/bidichk v0.2.4 h1:i3yedFWWQ7YzjdZJHnPo9d/xURinSq3OM+gyM43K4/8=
github.com/breml/bidichk v0.2.4/go.mod h1:7Zk0kRFt1LIZxtQdl9W9JwGAcLTTkOs+tN7wuEYGJ3s=
github.com/breml/errchkjson v0.3.1 h1:hlIeXuspTyt8Y/UmP5qy1JocGNR00KQHgfaNtRAjoxQ=

@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
"tailscale.com/cmd/tailscaled/childproc"
"tailscale.com/hostinfo"
"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
"tailscale.com/tempfork/gliderlabs/ssh"
"tailscale.com/types/logger"
"tailscale.com/version/distro"
@ -43,18 +44,22 @@ import (
func init() {
childproc.Add("ssh", beIncubator)
childproc.Add("sftp", beSFTP)
}
var ptyName = func(f *os.File) (string, error) {
return "", fmt.Errorf("unimplemented")
}
// maybeStartLoginSession starts a new login session for the specified UID.
// On success, it may return a non-nil close func which must be closed to
// maybeStartLoginSession informs the system that we are about to log someone
// in. On success, it may return a non-nil close func which must be closed to
// release the session.
// We can only do this if we are running as root.
// This is best effort to still allow running on machines where
// we don't support starting sessions, e.g. darwin.
// See maybeStartLoginSessionLinux.
var maybeStartLoginSession = func(logf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (close func() error, err error) {
return nil, nil
var maybeStartLoginSession = func(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (close func() error) {
return nil
}
// newIncubatorCommand returns a new exec.Cmd configured with
@ -64,40 +69,39 @@ var maybeStartLoginSession = func(logf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (close fun
// exec.CommandContext.
//
// The returned Cmd.Env is guaranteed to be nil; the caller populates it.
func (ss *sshSession) newIncubatorCommand() (cmd *exec.Cmd) {
func (ss *sshSession) newIncubatorCommand(logf logger.Logf) (cmd *exec.Cmd, err error) {
defer func() {
if cmd.Env != nil {
panic("internal error")
}
}()
var (
name string
args []string
isSFTP bool
isShell bool
)
var isSFTP, isShell bool
switch ss.Subsystem() {
case "sftp":
isSFTP = true
case "":
name = ss.conn.localUser.LoginShell()
if rawCmd := ss.RawCommand(); rawCmd != "" {
args = append(args, "-c", rawCmd)
} else {
isShell = true
args = append(args, "-l") // login shell
}
isShell = ss.RawCommand() == ""
default:
panic(fmt.Sprintf("unexpected subsystem: %v", ss.Subsystem()))
}
if ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath == "" {
// TODO(maisem): this doesn't work with sftp
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, name, args...)
if isSFTP {
// SFTP relies on the embedded Go-based SFTP server in tailscaled,
// so without tailscaled, we can't serve SFTP.
return nil, errors.New("no tailscaled found on path, can't serve SFTP")
}
loginShell := ss.conn.localUser.LoginShell()
args := shellArgs(isShell, ss.RawCommand())
logf("directly running %s %q", loginShell, args)
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, loginShell, args...), nil
}
lu := ss.conn.localUser
ci := ss.conn.info
gids := strings.Join(ss.conn.userGroupIDs, ",")
groups := strings.Join(ss.conn.userGroupIDs, ",")
remoteUser := ci.uprof.LoginName
if ci.node.IsTagged() {
remoteUser = strings.Join(ci.node.Tags().AsSlice(), ",")
@ -106,9 +110,10 @@ func (ss *sshSession) newIncubatorCommand() (cmd *exec.Cmd) {
incubatorArgs := []string{
"be-child",
"ssh",
"--login-shell=" + lu.LoginShell(),
"--uid=" + lu.Uid,
"--gid=" + lu.Gid,
"--groups=" + gids,
"--groups=" + groups,
"--local-user=" + lu.Username,
"--remote-user=" + remoteUser,
"--remote-ip=" + ci.src.Addr().String(),
@ -116,39 +121,31 @@ func (ss *sshSession) newIncubatorCommand() (cmd *exec.Cmd) {
"--tty-name=", // updated in-place by startWithPTY
}
forceV1Behavior := ss.conn.srv.lb.NetMap().HasCap(tailcfg.NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1)
if forceV1Behavior {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--force-v1-behavior")
}
if debugTest.Load() {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--debug-test")
}
if isSFTP {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--sftp")
} else {
if isShell {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--shell")
}
// Only the macOS version of the login command supports executing a
// command, all other versions only support launching a shell
// without taking any arguments.
shouldUseLoginCmd := isShell || runtime.GOOS == "darwin"
if hostinfo.IsSELinuxEnforcing() {
// If we're running on a SELinux-enabled system, the login
// command will be unable to set the correct context for the
// shell. Fall back to using the incubator to launch the shell.
// See http://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/4908.
shouldUseLoginCmd = false
}
if shouldUseLoginCmd {
if lp, err := exec.LookPath("login"); err == nil {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--login-cmd="+lp)
}
}
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--cmd="+name)
if len(args) > 0 {
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--")
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, args...)
}
switch {
case isSFTP:
// Note that we include both the `--sftp` flag and a command to launch
// tailscaled as `be-child sftp`. If login or su is available, and
// we're not running with tailcfg.NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1, this will
// result in serving SFTP within a login shell, with full PAM
// integration. Otherwise, we'll serve SFTP in the incubator process
// with no PAM integration.
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--sftp", fmt.Sprintf("--cmd=%s be-child sftp", ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath))
case isShell:
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--shell")
default:
incubatorArgs = append(incubatorArgs, "--cmd="+ss.RawCommand())
}
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath, incubatorArgs...)
return exec.CommandContext(ss.ctx, ss.conn.srv.tailscaledPath, incubatorArgs...), nil
}
var debugIncubator bool
@ -170,51 +167,60 @@ func (stdRWC) Close() error {
}
type incubatorArgs struct {
uid int
gid int
groups string
localUser string
remoteUser string
remoteIP string
ttyName string
hasTTY bool
cmdName string
isSFTP bool
isShell bool
loginCmdPath string
cmdArgs []string
debugTest bool
}
func parseIncubatorArgs(args []string) (a incubatorArgs) {
loginShell string
uid int
gid int
gids []int
localUser string
remoteUser string
remoteIP string
ttyName string
hasTTY bool
cmd string
isSFTP bool
isShell bool
forceV1Behavior bool
debugTest bool
}
func parseIncubatorArgs(args []string) (incubatorArgs, error) {
var ia incubatorArgs
var groups string
flags := flag.NewFlagSet("", flag.ExitOnError)
flags.IntVar(&a.uid, "uid", 0, "the uid of local-user")
flags.IntVar(&a.gid, "gid", 0, "the gid of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&a.groups, "groups", "", "comma-separated list of gids of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&a.localUser, "local-user", "", "the user to run as")
flags.StringVar(&a.remoteUser, "remote-user", "", "the remote user/tags")
flags.StringVar(&a.remoteIP, "remote-ip", "", "the remote Tailscale IP")
flags.StringVar(&a.ttyName, "tty-name", "", "the tty name (pts/3)")
flags.BoolVar(&a.hasTTY, "has-tty", false, "is the output attached to a tty")
flags.StringVar(&a.cmdName, "cmd", "", "the cmd to launch (ignored in sftp mode)")
flags.BoolVar(&a.isShell, "shell", false, "is launching a shell (with no cmds)")
flags.BoolVar(&a.isSFTP, "sftp", false, "run sftp server (cmd is ignored)")
flags.StringVar(&a.loginCmdPath, "login-cmd", "", "the path to `login` cmd")
flags.BoolVar(&a.debugTest, "debug-test", false, "should debug in test mode")
flags.StringVar(&ia.loginShell, "login-shell", "", "path to the user's preferred login shell")
flags.IntVar(&ia.uid, "uid", 0, "the uid of local-user")
flags.IntVar(&ia.gid, "gid", 0, "the gid of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&groups, "groups", "", "comma-separated list of gids of local-user")
flags.StringVar(&ia.localUser, "local-user", "", "the user to run as")
flags.StringVar(&ia.remoteUser, "remote-user", "", "the remote user/tags")
flags.StringVar(&ia.remoteIP, "remote-ip", "", "the remote Tailscale IP")
flags.StringVar(&ia.ttyName, "tty-name", "", "the tty name (pts/3)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.hasTTY, "has-tty", false, "is the output attached to a tty")
flags.StringVar(&ia.cmd, "cmd", "", "the cmd to launch, including all arguments (ignored in sftp mode)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.isShell, "shell", false, "is launching a shell (with no cmds)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.isSFTP, "sftp", false, "run sftp server (cmd is ignored)")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.forceV1Behavior, "force-v1-behavior", false, "allow falling back to the su command if login is unavailable")
flags.BoolVar(&ia.debugTest, "debug-test", false, "should debug in test mode")
flags.Parse(args)
a.cmdArgs = flags.Args()
return a
for _, g := range strings.Split(groups, ",") {
gid, err := strconv.Atoi(g)
if err != nil {
return ia, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse group id %q: %w", g, err)
}
ia.gids = append(ia.gids, gid)
}
return ia, nil
}
// beIncubator is the entrypoint to the `tailscaled be-child ssh` subcommand.
// It is responsible for informing the system of a new login session for the user.
// This is sometimes necessary for mounting home directories and decrypting file
// systems.
// It is responsible for informing the system of a new login session for the
// user. This is sometimes necessary for mounting home directories and
// decrypting file systems.
//
// Tailscaled launches the incubator as the same user as it was
// launched as. The incubator then registers a new session with the
// OS, sets its UID and groups to the specified `--uid`, `--gid` and
// `--groups` and then launches the requested `--cmd`.
// Tailscaled launches the incubator as the same user as it was launched as.
func beIncubator(args []string) error {
// To defend against issues like https://golang.org/issue/1435,
// defensively lock our current goroutine's thread to the current
@ -226,22 +232,25 @@ func beIncubator(args []string) error {
runtime.LockOSThread()
defer runtime.UnlockOSThread()
ia := parseIncubatorArgs(args)
ia, err := parseIncubatorArgs(args)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if ia.isSFTP && ia.isShell {
return fmt.Errorf("--sftp and --shell are mutually exclusive")
}
logf := logger.Discard
dlogf := logger.Discard
if debugIncubator {
// We don't own stdout or stderr, so the only place we can log is syslog.
if sl, err := syslog.New(syslog.LOG_INFO|syslog.LOG_DAEMON, "tailscaled-ssh"); err == nil {
logf = log.New(sl, "", 0).Printf
dlogf = log.New(sl, "", 0).Printf
}
} else if ia.debugTest {
// In testing, we don't always have syslog, log to a temp file
// In testing, we don't always have syslog, so log to a temp file.
if logFile, err := os.OpenFile("/tmp/tailscalessh.log", os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY, 0666); err == nil {
lf := log.New(logFile, "", 0)
logf = func(msg string, args ...any) {
dlogf = func(msg string, args ...any) {
lf.Printf(msg, args...)
logFile.Sync()
}
@ -249,72 +258,233 @@ func beIncubator(args []string) error {
}
}
euid := os.Geteuid()
runningAsRoot := euid == 0
if runningAsRoot && ia.loginCmdPath != "" {
// Check if we can exec into the login command instead of trying to
// incubate ourselves.
if la := ia.loginArgs(); la != nil {
return unix.Exec(ia.loginCmdPath, la, os.Environ())
}
if !shouldAttemptLoginShell(dlogf, ia) {
dlogf("not attempting login shell")
return handleInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
// First try the login command
if err := tryExecLogin(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
// If we got here, we weren't able to use login (because tryExecLogin
// returned without replacing the running process), maybe we can use
// su.
if handled, err := trySU(dlogf, ia); handled {
return err
} else {
dlogf("not attempting su")
return handleInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
}
func handleInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
if ia.isSFTP {
return handleSFTPInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
return handleSSHInProcess(dlogf, ia)
}
// Inform the system that we are about to log someone in.
// We can only do this if we are running as root.
// This is best effort to still allow running on machines where
// we don't support starting sessions, e.g. darwin.
sessionCloser, err := maybeStartLoginSession(logf, ia)
if err == nil && sessionCloser != nil {
func handleSFTPInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
dlogf("handling sftp")
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
var groupIDs []int
for _, g := range strings.Split(ia.groups, ",") {
gid, err := strconv.ParseInt(g, 10, 32)
if err != nil {
return err
}
groupIDs = append(groupIDs, int(gid))
if err := dropPrivileges(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := dropPrivileges(logf, ia.uid, ia.gid, groupIDs); err != nil {
return serveSFTP()
}
// beSFTP serves SFTP in-process.
func beSFTP(args []string) error {
return serveSFTP()
}
func serveSFTP() error {
server, err := sftp.NewServer(stdRWC{})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// TODO(https://github.com/pkg/sftp/pull/554): Revert the check for io.EOF,
// when sftp is patched to report clean termination.
if err := server.Serve(); err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return err
}
return nil
}
if ia.isSFTP {
logf("handling sftp")
// shouldAttemptLoginShell decides whether we should attempt to get a full
// login shell with the login or su commands. We will attempt a login shell
// if all of the following conditions are met.
//
// - We are running as root
// - This is not an SELinuxEnforcing host
//
// The last condition exists because if we're running on a SELinux-enabled
// system, neiher login nor su will be able to set the correct context for the
// shell. So, we don't bother trying to run them and instead fall back to using
// the incubator to launch the shell.
// See http://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/4908.
func shouldAttemptLoginShell(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) bool {
if ia.forceV1Behavior && ia.isSFTP {
// v1 behavior did not run SFTP within a login shell.
dlogf("Forcing v1 behavior, won't use login shell for SFTP")
return false
}
server, err := sftp.NewServer(stdRWC{})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// TODO(https://github.com/pkg/sftp/pull/554): Revert the check for io.EOF,
// when sftp is patched to report clean termination.
if err := server.Serve(); err != nil && err != io.EOF {
return err
return runningAsRoot() && !hostinfo.IsSELinuxEnforcing()
}
func runningAsRoot() bool {
euid := os.Geteuid()
return euid == 0
}
// tryExecLogin attempts to handle the ssh session by creating a full login
// shell using the login command. If it never tried, it returns nil. If it
// failed to do so, it returns an error.
//
// Creating a login shell in this way allows us to register the remote IP of
// the login session, trigger PAM authentication, and get the "remote" PAM
// profile.
//
// However, login is subject to some limitations.
//
// 1. login cannot be used to execute commands except on macOS.
// 2. On Linux and BSD, login requires a TTY to keep running.
//
// In these cases, tryExecLogin returns (false, nil) to indicate that processing
// should fall through to other methods, such as using the su command.
//
// Note that this uses unix.Exec to replace the current process, so in cases
// where we actually do run login, no subsequent Go code will execute.
func tryExecLogin(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
// Only the macOS version of the login command supports executing a
// command, all other versions only support launching a shell without
// taking any arguments.
if !ia.isShell && runtime.GOOS != "darwin" {
dlogf("won't use login because we're not in a shell or on macOS")
return nil
}
switch runtime.GOOS {
case "linux", "freebsd", "openbsd":
if !ia.hasTTY {
dlogf("can't use login because of missing TTY")
// We can only use the login command if a shell was requested with
// a TTY. If there is no TTY, login exits immediately, which
// breaks things like mosh and VSCode.
return nil
}
}
loginCmdPath, err := exec.LookPath("login")
if err != nil {
dlogf("failed to get login args: %s", err)
return nil
}
loginArgs := ia.loginArgs(loginCmdPath)
dlogf("logging in with %s %+v", loginCmdPath, loginArgs)
// replace the running process
return unix.Exec(loginCmdPath, loginArgs, os.Environ())
}
cmd := exec.Command(ia.cmdName, ia.cmdArgs...)
cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
cmd.Env = os.Environ()
// trySU attempts to start a login shell using su. If su is available and
// supports the necessary arguments, this returns true, plus the result of
// executing su. Otherwise, it returns (false, nil).
//
// Creating a login shell in this way allows us to trigger PAM authentication
// and get the "login" PAM profile.
//
// Unlike login, su often does not require a TTY, so on Linux hosts that have
// an su command which accepts the right flags, we'll use su instead of login
// when no TTY is available.
func trySU(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (handled bool, err error) {
if ia.forceV1Behavior {
// v1 behavior did not use su.
dlogf("Forcing v1 behavior, won't use su")
return false, nil
}
if ia.hasTTY {
// If we were launched with a tty then we should
// mark that as the ctty of the child. However,
// as the ctty is being passed from the parent
// we set the child to foreground instead which
// also passes the ctty.
// However, we can not do this if never had a tty to
// begin with.
cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
Foreground: true,
}
su := findSU(dlogf, ia)
if su == "" {
return false, nil
}
err = cmd.Run()
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
loginArgs := []string{"-l", ia.localUser}
if ia.cmd != "" {
// Note - unlike the login command, su allows using both -l and -c.
loginArgs = append(loginArgs, "-c", ia.cmd)
}
dlogf("logging in with %s %q", su, loginArgs)
cmd := newCommand(ia.hasTTY, su, loginArgs)
return true, cmd.Run()
}
// findSU attempts to find an su command which supports the -l and -c flags.
// This actually calls the su command, which can cause side effects like
// triggering pam_mkhomedir. If a suitable su is not available, this returns
// "".
func findSU(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) string {
// Currently, we only support falling back to su on Linux. This
// potentially could work on BSDs as well, but requires testing.
if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
return ""
}
// gokrazy doesn't include su. And, if someone installs a breakglass/
// debugging package on gokrazy, we don't want to use its su.
if distro.Get() == distro.Gokrazy {
return ""
}
su, err := exec.LookPath("su")
if err != nil {
dlogf("can't find su command: %v", err)
return ""
}
// First try to execute su -l <user> -c true to make sure su supports the
// necessary arguments.
err = exec.Command(su, "-l", ia.localUser, "-c", "true").Run()
if err != nil {
dlogf("su check failed: %s", err)
return ""
}
return su
}
// handleSSHInProcess is a last resort if we couldn't use login or su. It
// registers a new session with the OS, sets its UID, GID and groups to the
// specified values, and then launches the requested `--cmd` in the user's
// login shell.
func handleSSHInProcess(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
sessionCloser := maybeStartLoginSession(dlogf, ia)
if sessionCloser != nil {
defer sessionCloser()
}
if err := dropPrivileges(dlogf, ia); err != nil {
return err
}
args := shellArgs(ia.isShell, ia.cmd)
dlogf("running %s %q", ia.loginShell, args)
cmd := newCommand(ia.hasTTY, ia.loginShell, args)
err := cmd.Run()
if ee, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
ps := ee.ProcessState
code := ps.ExitCode()
@ -330,6 +500,26 @@ func beIncubator(args []string) error {
return err
}
func newCommand(hasTTY bool, cmdPath string, cmdArgs []string) *exec.Cmd {
cmd := exec.Command(cmdPath, cmdArgs...)
cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
cmd.Env = os.Environ()
if hasTTY {
// If we were launched with a tty then we should mark that as the ctty
// of the child. However, as the ctty is being passed from the parent
// we set the child to foreground instead which also passes the ctty.
// However, we can not do this if never had a tty to begin with.
cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
Foreground: true,
}
}
return cmd
}
const (
// This controls whether we assert that our privileges were dropped
// using geteuid/getegid; it's a const and not an envknob because the
@ -344,19 +534,26 @@ const (
assertPrivilegesWereDroppedByAttemptingToUnDrop = false
)
// dropPrivileges contains all the logic for dropping privileges to a different
// dropPrivileges calls doDropPrivileges with uid, gid, and gids from the given
// incubatorArgs.
func dropPrivileges(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) error {
return doDropPrivileges(dlogf, ia.uid, ia.gid, ia.gids)
}
// doDropPrivileges contains all the logic for dropping privileges to a different
// UID, GID, and set of supplementary groups. This function is
// security-sensitive and ordering-dependent; please be very cautious if/when
// refactoring.
//
// WARNING: if you change this function, you *MUST* run the TestDropPrivileges
// WARNING: if you change this function, you *MUST* run the TestDoDropPrivileges
// test in this package as root on at least Linux, FreeBSD and Darwin. This can
// be done by running:
//
// go test -c ./ssh/tailssh/ && sudo ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestDropPrivileges
func dropPrivileges(logf logger.Logf, wantUid, wantGid int, supplementaryGroups []int) error {
// go test -c ./ssh/tailssh/ && sudo ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestDoDropPrivileges
func doDropPrivileges(dlogf logger.Logf, wantUid, wantGid int, supplementaryGroups []int) error {
dlogf("dropping privileges")
fatalf := func(format string, args ...any) {
logf("[unexpected] error dropping privileges: "+format, args...)
dlogf("[unexpected] error dropping privileges: "+format, args...)
os.Exit(1)
}
@ -448,7 +645,11 @@ func dropPrivileges(logf logger.Logf, wantUid, wantGid int, supplementaryGroups
//
// It sets ss.cmd, stdin, stdout, and stderr.
func (ss *sshSession) launchProcess() error {
ss.cmd = ss.newIncubatorCommand()
var err error
ss.cmd, err = ss.newIncubatorCommand(ss.logf)
if err != nil {
return err
}
cmd := ss.cmd
homeDir := ss.conn.localUser.HomeDir
@ -749,18 +950,11 @@ func fileExists(path string) bool {
}
// loginArgs returns the arguments to use to exec the login binary.
// It returns nil if the login binary should not be used.
// The login binary is only used:
// - on darwin, if the client is requesting a shell or a command.
// - on linux and BSD, if the client is requesting a shell with a TTY.
func (ia *incubatorArgs) loginArgs() []string {
if ia.isSFTP {
return nil
}
func (ia *incubatorArgs) loginArgs(loginCmdPath string) []string {
switch runtime.GOOS {
case "darwin":
args := []string{
ia.loginCmdPath,
loginCmdPath,
"-f", // already authenticated
// login typically discards the previous environment, but we want to
@ -773,39 +967,35 @@ func (ia *incubatorArgs) loginArgs() []string {
if !ia.hasTTY {
args[2] = "-pq" // -q is "quiet" which suppresses the login banner
}
if ia.cmdName != "" {
args = append(args, ia.cmdName)
args = append(args, ia.cmdArgs...)
if ia.cmd != "" {
args = append(args, ia.loginShell, "-c", ia.cmd)
}
return args
case "linux":
if !ia.isShell || !ia.hasTTY {
// We can only use login command if a shell was requested with a TTY. If
// there is no TTY, login exits immediately, which breaks things likes
// mosh and VSCode.
return nil
}
if distro.Get() == distro.Arch && !fileExists("/etc/pam.d/remote") {
// See https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/4924
//
// Arch uses a different login binary that makes the -h flag set the PAM
// service to "remote". So if they don't have that configured, don't
// pass -h.
return []string{ia.loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-p"}
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-p"}
}
return []string{ia.loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-h", ia.remoteIP, "-p"}
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-f", ia.localUser, "-h", ia.remoteIP, "-p"}
case "freebsd", "openbsd":
if !ia.isShell || !ia.hasTTY {
// We can only use login command if a shell was requested with a TTY. If
// there is no TTY, login exits immediately, which breaks things likes
// mosh and VSCode.
return nil
}
return []string{ia.loginCmdPath, "-fp", "-h", ia.remoteIP, ia.localUser}
return []string{loginCmdPath, "-fp", "-h", ia.remoteIP, ia.localUser}
}
panic("unimplemented")
}
func shellArgs(isShell bool, cmd string) []string {
if isShell {
return []string{"-l"}
} else {
return []string{"-c", cmd}
}
}
func setGroups(groupIDs []int) error {
if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && len(groupIDs) > 16 {
// darwin returns "invalid argument" if more than 16 groups are passed to syscall.Setgroups

@ -146,11 +146,11 @@ func releaseSession(sessionID string) error {
}
// maybeStartLoginSessionLinux is the linux implementation of maybeStartLoginSession.
func maybeStartLoginSessionLinux(logf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (func() error, error) {
func maybeStartLoginSessionLinux(dlogf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) func() error {
if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
return nil, nil
return nil
}
logf("starting session for user %d", ia.uid)
dlogf("starting session for user %d", ia.uid)
// The only way we can actually start a new session is if we are
// running outside one and are root, which is typically the case
// for systemd managed tailscaled.
@ -160,14 +160,14 @@ func maybeStartLoginSessionLinux(logf logger.Logf, ia incubatorArgs) (func() err
// We can look at the DBus GetSessionByPID API.
// https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/org.freedesktop.login1.html
// For now best effort is fine.
logf("ssh: failed to CreateSession for user %q (%d) %v", ia.localUser, ia.uid, err)
return nil, nil
dlogf("ssh: failed to CreateSession for user %q (%d) %v", ia.localUser, ia.uid, err)
return nil
}
os.Setenv("DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS", fmt.Sprintf("unix:path=%v/bus", resp.runtimePath))
if !resp.existing {
return func() error {
return releaseSession(resp.sessionID)
}, nil
}
}
return nil, nil
return nil
}

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import (
"tailscale.com/types/logger"
)
func TestDropPrivileges(t *testing.T) {
func TestDoDropPrivileges(t *testing.T) {
type SubprocInput struct {
UID int
GID int
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func TestDropPrivileges(t *testing.T) {
f := os.NewFile(3, "out.json")
// We're in our subprocess; actually drop privileges now.
dropPrivileges(t.Logf, input.UID, input.GID, input.AdditionalGroups)
doDropPrivileges(t.Logf, input.UID, input.GID, input.AdditionalGroups)
additional, _ := syscall.Getgroups()

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package tailssh
import (
"bufio"
"context"
"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/ed25519"
"crypto/elliptic"
@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import (
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/bramvdbogaerde/go-scp"
"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
"github.com/pkg/sftp"
gossh "github.com/tailscale/golang-x-crypto/ssh"
@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ import (
"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
"tailscale.com/types/key"
"tailscale.com/types/netmap"
"tailscale.com/util/set"
)
// This file contains integration tests of the SSH functionality. These tests
@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
file.Close()
// Tail our log file.
cmd := exec.Command("tail", "-f", "/tmp/tailscalessh.log")
cmd := exec.Command("tail", "-F", "/tmp/tailscalessh.log")
r, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
if err != nil {
@ -77,6 +80,12 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
if err != nil {
return
}
defer func() {
// tail -f has a default sleep interval of 1 second, so it takes a
// moment for it to finish reading our log file after we've terminated.
// So, wait a bit to let it catch up.
time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
}()
m.Run()
}
@ -93,20 +102,40 @@ func TestIntegrationSSH(t *testing.T) {
}
tests := []struct {
cmd string
want []string
cmd string
want []string
forceV1Behavior bool
skip bool
}{
{
cmd: "id",
want: []string{"testuser", "groupone", "grouptwo"},
cmd: "id",
want: []string{"testuser", "groupone", "grouptwo"},
forceV1Behavior: false,
},
{
cmd: "id",
want: []string{"testuser", "groupone", "grouptwo"},
forceV1Behavior: true,
},
{
cmd: "pwd",
want: []string{homeDir},
skip: !fallbackToSUAvailable(),
forceV1Behavior: false,
},
{
cmd: "pwd",
want: []string{homeDir},
cmd: "echo 'hello'",
want: []string{"hello"},
skip: !fallbackToSUAvailable(),
forceV1Behavior: false,
},
}
for _, test := range tests {
if test.skip {
continue
}
// run every test both without and with a shell
for _, shell := range []bool{false, true} {
shellQualifier := "no_shell"
@ -114,8 +143,13 @@ func TestIntegrationSSH(t *testing.T) {
shellQualifier = "shell"
}
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", test.cmd, shellQualifier), func(t *testing.T) {
s := testSession(t)
versionQualifier := "v2"
if test.forceV1Behavior {
versionQualifier = "v1"
}
t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", test.cmd, shellQualifier, versionQualifier), func(t *testing.T) {
s := testSession(t, test.forceV1Behavior)
if shell {
err := s.RequestPty("xterm", 40, 80, ssh.TerminalModes{
@ -123,12 +157,20 @@ func TestIntegrationSSH(t *testing.T) {
ssh.TTY_OP_ISPEED: 14400,
ssh.TTY_OP_OSPEED: 14400,
})
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unable to request PTY: %s", err)
}
err = s.Shell()
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unable to request shell: %s", err)
}
// Read the shell prompt
s.read()
}
got := s.run(t, test.cmd)
got := s.run(t, test.cmd, shell)
for _, want := range test.want {
if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
t.Errorf("%q does not contain %q", got, want)
@ -145,48 +187,133 @@ func TestIntegrationSFTP(t *testing.T) {
debugTest.Store(false)
})
filePath := "/tmp/sftptest.dat"
wantText := "hello world"
for _, forceV1Behavior := range []bool{false, true} {
name := "v2"
if forceV1Behavior {
name = "v1"
}
t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
filePath := "/home/testuser/sftptest.dat"
if forceV1Behavior || !fallbackToSUAvailable() {
filePath = "/tmp/sftptest.dat"
}
wantText := "hello world"
cl := testClient(t)
scl, err := sftp.NewClient(cl)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't get sftp client: %s", err)
}
cl := testClient(t, forceV1Behavior)
scl, err := sftp.NewClient(cl)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't get sftp client: %s", err)
}
file, err := scl.Create(filePath)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't create file: %s", err)
}
_, err = file.Write([]byte(wantText))
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't write to file: %s", err)
file, err := scl.Create(filePath)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't create file: %s", err)
}
_, err = file.Write([]byte(wantText))
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't write to file: %s", err)
}
err = file.Close()
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't close file: %s", err)
}
file, err = scl.OpenFile(filePath, os.O_RDONLY)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't open file: %s", err)
}
defer file.Close()
gotText, err := io.ReadAll(file)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't read file: %s", err)
}
if diff := cmp.Diff(string(gotText), wantText); diff != "" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file contents (-got +want):\n%s", diff)
}
s := testSessionFor(t, cl)
got := s.run(t, "ls -l "+filePath, false)
if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner user: %s", got)
} else if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner group: %s", got)
}
})
}
err = file.Close()
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't close file: %s", err)
}
func TestIntegrationSCP(t *testing.T) {
debugTest.Store(true)
t.Cleanup(func() {
debugTest.Store(false)
})
for _, forceV1Behavior := range []bool{false, true} {
name := "v2"
if forceV1Behavior {
name = "v1"
}
t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
filePath := "/home/testuser/scptest.dat"
if !fallbackToSUAvailable() {
filePath = "/tmp/scptest.dat"
}
wantText := "hello world"
cl := testClient(t, forceV1Behavior)
scl, err := scp.NewClientBySSH(cl)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't get sftp client: %s", err)
}
err = scl.Copy(context.Background(), strings.NewReader(wantText), filePath, "0644", int64(len(wantText)))
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't create file: %s", err)
}
outfile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't create temp file: %s", err)
}
err = scl.CopyFromRemote(context.Background(), outfile, filePath)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't copy file from remote: %s", err)
}
outfile.Close()
gotText, err := os.ReadFile(outfile.Name())
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't read file: %s", err)
}
if diff := cmp.Diff(string(gotText), wantText); diff != "" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file contents (-got +want):\n%s", diff)
}
s := testSessionFor(t, cl)
got := s.run(t, "ls -l "+filePath, false)
if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner user: %s", got)
} else if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner group: %s", got)
}
})
}
}
file, err = scl.OpenFile(filePath, os.O_RDONLY)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't open file: %s", err)
func fallbackToSUAvailable() bool {
if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
return false
}
defer file.Close()
gotText, err := io.ReadAll(file)
_, err := exec.LookPath("su")
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("can't read file: %s", err)
}
if diff := cmp.Diff(string(gotText), wantText); diff != "" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file contents (-got +want):\n%s", diff)
return false
}
s := testSessionFor(t, cl)
got := s.run(t, "ls -l "+filePath)
if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner user: %s", got)
} else if !strings.Contains(got, "testuser") {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file owner group: %s", got)
}
// Some operating systems like Fedora seem to require login to be present
// in order for su to work.
_, err = exec.LookPath("login")
return err == nil
}
type session struct {
@ -197,14 +324,25 @@ type session struct {
stderr io.ReadCloser
}
func (s *session) run(t *testing.T, cmdString string) string {
func (s *session) run(t *testing.T, cmdString string, shell bool) string {
t.Helper()
err := s.Start(cmdString)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unable to start command: %s", err)
if shell {
_, err := s.stdin.Write([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", cmdString)))
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unable to send command to shell: %s", err)
}
} else {
err := s.Start(cmdString)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("unable to start command: %s", err)
}
}
return s.read()
}
func (s *session) read() string {
ch := make(chan []byte)
go func() {
for {
@ -228,7 +366,7 @@ readLoop:
select {
case b := <-ch:
_got = append(_got, b...)
case <-time.After(25 * time.Millisecond):
case <-time.After(1 * time.Second):
break readLoop
}
}
@ -236,12 +374,12 @@ readLoop:
return string(_got)
}
func testClient(t *testing.T) *ssh.Client {
func testClient(t *testing.T, forceV1Behavior bool) *ssh.Client {
t.Helper()
username := "testuser"
srv := &server{
lb: &testBackend{localUser: username},
lb: &testBackend{localUser: username, forceV1Behavior: forceV1Behavior},
logf: log.Printf,
tailscaledPath: os.Getenv("TAILSCALED_PATH"),
timeNow: time.Now,
@ -271,8 +409,8 @@ func testClient(t *testing.T) *ssh.Client {
return cl
}
func testSession(t *testing.T) *session {
cl := testClient(t)
func testSession(t *testing.T, forceV1Behavior bool) *session {
cl := testClient(t, forceV1Behavior)
return testSessionFor(t, cl)
}
@ -299,7 +437,8 @@ func testSessionFor(t *testing.T, cl *ssh.Client) *session {
// testBackend implements ipnLocalBackend
type testBackend struct {
localUser string
localUser string
forceV1Behavior bool
}
func (tb *testBackend) GetSSH_HostKeys() ([]gossh.Signer, error) {
@ -339,16 +478,21 @@ func (tb *testBackend) ShouldRunSSH() bool {
}
func (tb *testBackend) NetMap() *netmap.NetworkMap {
capMap := make(set.Set[tailcfg.NodeCapability])
if tb.forceV1Behavior {
capMap[tailcfg.NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1] = struct{}{}
}
return &netmap.NetworkMap{
SSHPolicy: &tailcfg.SSHPolicy{
Rules: []*tailcfg.SSHRule{
&tailcfg.SSHRule{
{
Principals: []*tailcfg.SSHPrincipal{{Any: true}},
Action: &tailcfg.SSHAction{Accept: true},
SSHUsers: map[string]string{"*": tb.localUser},
},
},
},
AllCaps: capMap,
}
}

@ -1,18 +1,51 @@
ARG BASE
FROM ${BASE}
RUN echo "Install openssh, needed for scp."
RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y openssh-client
RUN groupadd -g 10000 groupone
RUN groupadd -g 10001 grouptwo
RUN useradd -g 10000 -G 10001 -u 10002 -m testuser
COPY . .
# Note - we do not create the user's home directory, pam_mkhomedir will do that
# for us, and we want to test that PAM gets triggered by Tailscale SSH.
RUN useradd -g 10000 -G 10001 -u 10002 testuser
# First run tests normally.
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.run TestIntegration
RUN echo "Set up pam_mkhomedir."
RUN sed -i -e 's/Default: no/Default: yes/g' /usr/share/pam-configs/mkhomedir || echo "might not be ubuntu"
RUN cat /usr/share/pam-configs/mkhomedir
RUN pam-auth-update --enable mkhomedir
# Then remove the login command and make sure tests still pass.
RUN rm `which login`
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.run TestIntegration
COPY tailscaled .
COPY tailssh.test .
RUN chmod 755 tailscaled
RUN echo "First run tests normally."
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSFTP
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSCP
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSSH
# Then run tests as non-root user testuser.
RUN echo "Then run tests as non-root user testuser and make sure tests still pass."
RUN chown testuser:groupone /tmp/tailscalessh.log
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled su -m testuser -c "./tailssh.test -test.run TestIntegration"
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled su -m testuser -c "./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegration TestDoDropPrivileges"
RUN echo "Then remove the login command and make sure tests still pass."
RUN chown root:root /tmp/tailscalessh.log
RUN rm `which login`
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSFTP
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSCP
RUN rm -Rf /home/testuser
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegrationSSH
RUN echo "Then remove the su command and make sure tests still pass."
RUN chown root:root /tmp/tailscalessh.log
RUN rm `which su`
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestIntegration
RUN echo "Test doDropPrivileges"
RUN TAILSCALED_PATH=`pwd`tailscaled ./tailssh.test -test.v -test.run TestDoDropPrivileges

@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ type CapabilityVersion int
// - 93: 2024-05-06: added support for stateful firewalling.
// - 94: 2024-05-06: Client understands Node.IsJailed.
// - 95: 2024-05-06: Client uses NodeAttrUserDialUseRoutes to change DNS dialing behavior.
const CurrentCapabilityVersion CapabilityVersion = 95
// - 96: 2024-05-29: Client understands NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1
const CurrentCapabilityVersion CapabilityVersion = 96
type StableID string
@ -2274,6 +2275,10 @@ const (
// depending on the destination address and the configured routes. When present, it also makes
// the DNS forwarder use UserDial instead of SystemDial when dialing resolvers.
NodeAttrUserDialUseRoutes NodeCapability = "user-dial-routes"
// NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1 forces SSH to use the V1 behavior (no su, run SFTP in-process)
// Added 2024-05-29 in Tailscale version 1.68.
NodeAttrSSHBehaviorV1 NodeCapability = "ssh-behavior-v1"
)
// SetDNSRequest is a request to add a DNS record.

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