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Merge pull request #1478 from turt2live/travis/s2s/doc-cleanup

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General clean up on the s2s spec
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Travis Ralston 6 years ago committed by GitHub
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specification/server_server_api.rst
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@ -23,14 +23,13 @@ Federation API
Matrix homeservers use the Federation APIs (also known as server-server APIs)
to communicate with each other. Homeservers use these APIs to push messages to
each other in real-time, to
historic messages from each other, and to
each other in real-time, to retrieve historic messages from each other, and to
query profile and presence information about users on each other's servers.
The APIs are implemented using HTTPS GETs and PUTs between each of the
servers. These HTTPS requests are strongly authenticated using public key
signatures at the TLS transport layer and using public key signatures in
HTTP Authorization headers at the HTTP layer.
The APIs are implemented using HTTPS requests between each of the servers.
These HTTPS requests are strongly authenticated using public key signatures
at the TLS transport layer and using public key signatures in HTTP
Authorization headers at the HTTP layer.
There are three main kinds of communication that occur between homeservers:
@ -163,6 +162,97 @@ multiple servers to mitigate against DNS spoofing.
{{keys_query_ss_http_api}}
Authentication
--------------
Request Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Every HTTP request made by a homeserver is authenticated using public key
digital signatures. The request method, target and body are signed by wrapping
them in a JSON object and signing it using the JSON signing algorithm. The
resulting signatures are added as an Authorization header with an auth scheme
of ``X-Matrix``. Note that the target field should include the full path
starting with ``/_matrix/...``, including the ``?`` and any query parameters if
present, but should not include the leading ``https:``, nor the destination
server's hostname.
Step 1 sign JSON:
.. code::
{
"method": "GET",
"uri": "/target",
"origin": "origin.hs.example.com",
"destination": "destination.hs.example.com",
"content": <request body>,
"signatures": {
"origin.hs.example.com": {
"ed25519:key1": "ABCDEF..."
}
}
}
Step 2 add Authorization header:
.. code::
GET /target HTTP/1.1
Authorization: X-Matrix origin=origin.example.com,key="ed25519:key1",sig="ABCDEF..."
Content-Type: application/json
<JSON-encoded request body>
Example python code:
.. code:: python
def authorization_headers(origin_name, origin_signing_key,
destination_name, request_method, request_target,
content=None):
request_json = {
"method": request_method,
"uri": request_target,
"origin": origin_name,
"destination": destination_name,
}
if content_json is not None:
request["content"] = content
signed_json = sign_json(request_json, origin_name, origin_signing_key)
authorization_headers = []
for key, sig in signed_json["signatures"][origin_name].items():
authorization_headers.append(bytes(
"X-Matrix origin=%s,key=\"%s\",sig=\"%s\"" % (
origin_name, key, sig,
)
))
return ("Authorization", authorization_headers)
Response Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Responses are authenticated by the TLS server certificate. A homeserver should
not send a request until it has authenticated the connected server to avoid
leaking messages to eavesdroppers.
Client TLS Certificates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Requests are authenticated at the HTTP layer rather than at the TLS layer
because HTTP services like Matrix are often deployed behind load balancers that
handle the TLS and these load balancers make it difficult to check TLS client
certificates.
A homeserver may provide a TLS client certificate and the receiving homeserver
may check that the client certificate matches the certificate of the origin
homeserver.
Transactions
------------
@ -485,15 +575,46 @@ A *conflict* occurs between states where those states have different
``event_ids`` for the same ``(state_type, state_key)``. The events thus
affected are said to be *conflicting* events.
Protocol URLs
-------------
.. WARNING::
This section may be misleading or inaccurate.
Backfilling and retrieving missing events
-----------------------------------------
All these URLs are name-spaced within a prefix of::
Once a homeserver has joined a room, it receives all the events emitted by
other homeservers in that room, and is thus aware of the entire history of the
room from that moment onwards. Since users in that room are able to request the
history by the ``/messages`` client API endpoint, it's possible that they might
step backwards far enough into history before the homeserver itself was a
member of that room.
To cover this case, the federation API provides a server-to-server analog of
the ``/messages`` client API, allowing one homeserver to fetch history from
another. This is the ``/backfill`` API.
To request more history, the requesting homeserver picks another homeserver
that it thinks may have more (most likely this should be a homeserver for
some of the existing users in the room at the earliest point in history it
has currently), and makes a ``/backfill`` request.
Similar to backfilling a room's history, a server may not have all the events
in the graph. That server may use the ``/get_missing_events`` API to acquire
the events it is missing.
.. TODO-spec
Specify (or remark that it is unspecified) how the server handles divergent
history. DFS? BFS? Anything weirder?
{{backfill_ss_http_api}}
Retrieving events
----------------
In some circumstances, a homeserver may be missing a particular event or information
about the room which cannot be easily determined from backfilling. These APIs provide
homeservers with the option of getting events and the state of the room at a given
point in the timeline.
{{events_ss_http_api}}
/_matrix/federation/v1/...
Joining Rooms
-------------
@ -580,45 +701,6 @@ participating in the room.
here. What purpose does it serve expanding them out in full, when surely
they'll appear in the state anyway?
Backfilling and retrieving missing events
-----------------------------------------
Once a homeserver has joined a room, it receives all the events emitted by
other homeservers in that room, and is thus aware of the entire history of the
room from that moment onwards. Since users in that room are able to request the
history by the ``/messages`` client API endpoint, it's possible that they might
step backwards far enough into history before the homeserver itself was a
member of that room.
To cover this case, the federation API provides a server-to-server analog of
the ``/messages`` client API, allowing one homeserver to fetch history from
another. This is the ``/backfill`` API.
To request more history, the requesting homeserver picks another homeserver
that it thinks may have more (most likely this should be a homeserver for
some of the existing users in the room at the earliest point in history it
has currently), and makes a ``/backfill`` request.
Similar to backfilling a room's history, a server may not have all the events
in the graph. That server may use the ``/get_missing_events`` API to acquire
the events it is missing.
.. TODO-spec
Specify (or remark that it is unspecified) how the server handles divergent
history. DFS? BFS? Anything weirder?
{{backfill_ss_http_api}}
Retrieving events
----------------
In some circumstances, a homeserver may be missing a particular event or information
about the room which cannot be easily determined from backfilling. These APIs provide
homeservers with the option of getting events and the state of the room at a given
point in the timeline.
{{events_ss_http_api}}
Inviting to a room
------------------
@ -719,98 +801,6 @@ delivered when the invite was stored, this verification will prove that the
``m.room.member`` invite event comes from the user owning the invited third-party
identifier.
Authentication
--------------
Request Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Every HTTP request made by a homeserver is authenticated using public key
digital signatures. The request method, target and body are signed by wrapping
them in a JSON object and signing it using the JSON signing algorithm. The
resulting signatures are added as an Authorization header with an auth scheme
of ``X-Matrix``. Note that the target field should include the full path
starting with ``/_matrix/...``, including the ``?`` and any query parameters if
present, but should not include the leading ``https:``, nor the destination
server's hostname.
Step 1 sign JSON:
.. code::
{
"method": "GET",
"uri": "/target",
"origin": "origin.hs.example.com",
"destination": "destination.hs.example.com",
"content": <request body>,
"signatures": {
"origin.hs.example.com": {
"ed25519:key1": "ABCDEF..."
}
}
}
Step 2 add Authorization header:
.. code::
GET /target HTTP/1.1
Authorization: X-Matrix origin=origin.example.com,key="ed25519:key1",sig="ABCDEF..."
Content-Type: application/json
<JSON-encoded request body>
Example python code:
.. code:: python
def authorization_headers(origin_name, origin_signing_key,
destination_name, request_method, request_target,
content=None):
request_json = {
"method": request_method,
"uri": request_target,
"origin": origin_name,
"destination": destination_name,
}
if content_json is not None:
request["content"] = content
signed_json = sign_json(request_json, origin_name, origin_signing_key)
authorization_headers = []
for key, sig in signed_json["signatures"][origin_name].items():
authorization_headers.append(bytes(
"X-Matrix origin=%s,key=\"%s\",sig=\"%s\"" % (
origin_name, key, sig,
)
))
return ("Authorization", authorization_headers)
Response Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Responses are authenticated by the TLS server certificate. A homeserver should
not send a request until it has authenticated the connected server to avoid
leaking messages to eavesdroppers.
Client TLS Certificates
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Requests are authenticated at the HTTP layer rather than at the TLS layer
because HTTP services like Matrix are often deployed behind load balancers that
handle the TLS and these load balancers make it difficult to check TLS client
certificates.
A homeserver may provide a TLS client certificate and the receiving homeserver
may check that the client certificate matches the certificate of the origin
homeserver.
Public Room Directory
---------------------

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