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<a href="https://github.com/ansible/ansible"><img
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src="https://a248.e.akamai.net/assets.github.com/img/71eeaab9d563c2b3c590319b398dd35683265e85/687474703a2f2f73332e616d617a6f6e6177732e636f6d2f6769746875622f726962626f6e732f666f726b6d655f72696768745f677261795f3664366436642e706e67"
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<div class="container">
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<div class="section" id="command-line-examples">
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<h1>Command Line Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The following examples show how to use <cite>/usr/bin/ansible</cite> for running ad-hoc tasks.
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Start here. For configuration management and deployments, you’ll want to pick up on
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using <cite>/usr/bin/ansible-playbook</cite> – the concepts port over directly.</p>
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<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
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<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
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<dl class="last docutils">
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="modules.html"><em>Ansible Modules</em></a></dt>
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<dd>A list of available modules</dd>
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a></dt>
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<dd>Alternative ways to use ansible</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="parallelism-and-shell-commands">
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<h2>Parallelism and Shell Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#parallelism-and-shell-commands" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Let’s use ansible’s command line tool to reboot all web servers in Atlanta, 10 at a time:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ssh-agent bash
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ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
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ansible atlanta -a "/sbin/reboot" -f 10</pre>
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</div>
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<p>The -f 10 specifies the usage of 10 simultaneous processes.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p class="last">Note that other than the <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#command"><em>command</em></a> module, ansible modules do
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not work like simple scripts. They make the remote system look like
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you state, and run the commands necessary to get it there. This
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is commonly referred to as ‘idempotent’.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="file-transfer-templating">
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<h2>File Transfer & Templating<a class="headerlink" href="#file-transfer-templating" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Ansible can SCP lots of files to multiple machines in parallel, and
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optionally use them as template sources.</p>
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<p>To just transfer a file directly to many different servers:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible atlanta -m copy -a "/etc/hosts /tmp/hosts"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>To use templating, first run the setup module to put the template
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variables you would like to use on the remote host. Then use the
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template module to write the files using the templates. Templates are
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written in Jinja2 format. Playbooks (covered elsewhere in the
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documentation) will run the setup module for you, making this even
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simpler.:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m setup -a "favcolor=red ntp_server=192.168.1.1"
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ansible webservers -m template -a "src=/srv/motd.j2 dest=/etc/motd"
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ansible webservers -m template -a "src=/srv/ntp.j2 dest=/etc/ntp.conf"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Need something like the fqdn in a template? If facter or ohai are
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installed, data from these projects will also be made available to the
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template engine, using ‘facter’ and ‘ohai’ prefixes for each.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="managing-packages">
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<h2>Managing Packages<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-packages" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Ensure a package is installed, but don’t update it:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme state=installed"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Ensure a package is installed to a specific version:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible-webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme-1.5 state=installed"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Ensure a package is at the latest version:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m yum -a "pkg=acme state=latest"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Ensure a package is not installed:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<div>ansible-webservers -m yum -a “pkg=acme state=removed”</div></blockquote>
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<p>Currently Ansible only has a module for managing packages with yum. You can install
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for other package manages using the command module or contribute a module
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for other package managers. Stop by the mailing list for info/details.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="deploying-from-source-control">
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|
<h2>Deploying From Source Control<a class="headerlink" href="#deploying-from-source-control" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Deploy your webapp straight from git:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m git -a "repo=git://foo dest=/srv/myapp version=HEAD"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Since ansible modules can notify change handlers (see
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<a class="reference internal" href="playbooks.html"><em>Playbooks</em></a>) it is possible to tell ansible to run specific tasks
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when the code is updated, such as deploying Perl/Python/PHP/Ruby
|
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directly from git and then restarting apache.</p>
|
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</div>
|
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<div class="section" id="managing-services">
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<h2>Managing Services<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-services" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Ensure a service is started on all webservers:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=started"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Alternatively, restart a service on all webservers:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=restarted"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Ensure a service is stopped:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=stopped"</pre>
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</div>
|
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</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="time-limited-background-operations">
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<h2>Time Limited Background Operations<a class="headerlink" href="#time-limited-background-operations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
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<p>Long running operations can be backgrounded, and their status can be
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checked on later. The same job ID is given to the same task on all
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hosts, so you won’t lose track. If you kick hosts and don’t want
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to poll, it looks like this:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -B 3600 -a "/usr/bin/long_running_operation --do-stuff"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>If you do decide you want to check on the job status later, you can:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -m async_status -a "jid=123456789"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>Polling is built-in and looks like this:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python"><pre>ansible all -B 3600 -P 60 -a "/usr/bin/long_running_operation --do-stuff"</pre>
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</div>
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<p>The above example says “run for 60 minutes max (60*60=3600), poll for status every 60 seconds”.
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Poll mode is smart so all jobs will be started before polling will begin on any machine.
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Be sure to use a high enough <cite>–forks</cite> value if you want to get all of your jobs started
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very quickly.</p>
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<p>Any module other than <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#copy"><em>copy</em></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="modules.html#template"><em>template</em></a> can be
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backgrounded. Typically you’ll be backgrounding shell commands or
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software upgrades only.</p>
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<p>After the time limit (in seconds) runs out (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-B</span></tt>), the process on
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the remote nodes will be killed. Forcibly.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<footer class="footer">
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<div class="container">
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<p class="pull-right"><a href="#">Back to top</a></p>
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<p>
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© Copyright 2012 Michael DeHaan.<br/>
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Last updated on Mar 11, 2012.<br/>
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