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3.2 KiB
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Python API
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==========
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.. contents:: Topics
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There are several interesting ways to use Ansible from an API perspective. You can use
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the Ansible python API to control nodes, you can extend Ansible to respond to various python events, you can
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write various plugins, and you can plug in inventory data from external data sources. This document
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covers the Runner and Playbook API at a basic level.
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If you are looking to use Ansible programmatically from something other than Python, trigger events asynchronously,
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or have access control and logging demands, take a look at :doc:`tower`
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as it has a very nice REST API that provides all of these things at a higher level.
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Ansible is written in its own API so you have a considerable amount of power across the board.
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This chapter discusses the Python API.
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.. _python_api:
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Python API
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----------
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The Python API is very powerful, and is how the ansible CLI and ansible-playbook
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are implemented.
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It's pretty simple::
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import ansible.runner
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runner = ansible.runner.Runner(
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module_name='ping',
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module_args='',
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pattern='web*',
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forks=10
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)
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datastructure = runner.run()
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The run method returns results per host, grouped by whether they
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could be contacted or not. Return types are module specific, as
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expressed in the :doc:`modules` documentation.::
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{
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"dark" : {
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"web1.example.com" : "failure message"
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},
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"contacted" : {
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"web2.example.com" : 1
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}
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}
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A module can return any type of JSON data it wants, so Ansible can
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be used as a framework to rapidly build powerful applications and scripts.
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.. _detailed_api_example:
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Detailed API Example
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````````````````````
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The following script prints out the uptime information for all hosts::
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#!/usr/bin/python
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import ansible.runner
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import sys
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# construct the ansible runner and execute on all hosts
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results = ansible.runner.Runner(
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pattern='*', forks=10,
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module_name='command', module_args='/usr/bin/uptime',
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).run()
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if results is None:
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print "No hosts found"
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sys.exit(1)
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print "UP ***********"
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for (hostname, result) in results['contacted'].items():
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if not 'failed' in result:
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print "%s >>> %s" % (hostname, result['stdout'])
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print "FAILED *******"
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for (hostname, result) in results['contacted'].items():
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if 'failed' in result:
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print "%s >>> %s" % (hostname, result['msg'])
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print "DOWN *********"
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for (hostname, result) in results['dark'].items():
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print "%s >>> %s" % (hostname, result)
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Advanced programmers may also wish to read the source to ansible itself, for
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it uses the Runner() API (with all available options) to implement the
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command line tools ``ansible`` and ``ansible-playbook``.
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.. seealso::
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:doc:`developing_inventory`
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Developing dynamic inventory integrations
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:doc:`developing_modules`
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How to develop modules
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:doc:`developing_plugins`
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How to develop plugins
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`Development Mailing List <http://groups.google.com/group/ansible-devel>`_
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Mailing list for development topics
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`irc.freenode.net <http://irc.freenode.net>`_
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#ansible IRC chat channel
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