|
|
.. _playbooks_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Filters
|
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. contents:: Topics
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Filters in Ansible are from Jinja2, and are used for transforming data inside a template expression. Jinja2 ships with many filters. See `builtin filters`_ in the official Jinja2 template documentation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Take into account that templating happens on the Ansible controller, **not** on the task's target host, so filters also execute on the controller as they manipulate local data.
|
|
|
|
|
|
In addition the ones provided by Jinja2, Ansible ships with it's own and allows users to add their own custom filters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _filters_for_formatting_data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Filters For Formatting Data
|
|
|
```````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following filters will take a data structure in a template and render it in a slightly different format. These
|
|
|
are occasionally useful for debugging::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_json }}
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_yaml }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
For human readable output, you can use::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_nice_json }}
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_nice_yaml }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
It's also possible to change the indentation of both (new in version 2.2)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_nice_json(indent=2) }}
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | to_nice_yaml(indent=8) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, you may be reading in some already formatted data::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | from_json }}
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | from_yaml }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
for example::
|
|
|
|
|
|
tasks:
|
|
|
- shell: cat /some/path/to/file.json
|
|
|
register: result
|
|
|
|
|
|
- set_fact:
|
|
|
myvar: "{{ result.stdout | from_json }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
To parse multi-document yaml strings, the ``from_yaml_all`` filter is provided.
|
|
|
The ``from_yaml_all`` filter will return a generator of parsed yaml documents.
|
|
|
|
|
|
for example::
|
|
|
|
|
|
tasks:
|
|
|
- shell: cat /some/path/to/multidoc-file.yaml
|
|
|
register: result
|
|
|
- debug:
|
|
|
msg: '{{ item }}'
|
|
|
loop: '{{ result.stdout | from_yaml_all | list }}'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _forcing_variables_to_be_defined:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forcing Variables To Be Defined
|
|
|
```````````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
The default behavior from ansible and ansible.cfg is to fail if variables are undefined, but you can turn this off.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This allows an explicit check with this feature off::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ variable | mandatory }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The variable value will be used as is, but the template evaluation will raise an error if it is undefined.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _defaulting_undefined_variables:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Defaulting Undefined Variables
|
|
|
``````````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jinja2 provides a useful 'default' filter that is often a better approach to failing if a variable is not defined::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ some_variable | default(5) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the above example, if the variable 'some_variable' is not defined, the value used will be 5, rather than an error
|
|
|
being raised.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to use the default value when variables evaluate to false or an empty string you have to set the second parameter to
|
|
|
``true``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ lookup('env', 'MY_USER') | default('admin', true) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _omitting_undefined_variables:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Omitting Parameters
|
|
|
```````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of Ansible 1.8, it is possible to use the default filter to omit module parameters using the special `omit` variable::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: touch files with an optional mode
|
|
|
file: dest={{ item.path }} state=touch mode={{ item.mode | default(omit) }}
|
|
|
loop:
|
|
|
- path: /tmp/foo
|
|
|
- path: /tmp/bar
|
|
|
- path: /tmp/baz
|
|
|
mode: "0444"
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the first two files in the list, the default mode will be determined by the umask of the system as the `mode=`
|
|
|
parameter will not be sent to the file module while the final file will receive the `mode=0444` option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: If you are "chaining" additional filters after the `default(omit)` filter, you should instead do something like this:
|
|
|
`"{{ foo | default(None) | some_filter or omit }}"`. In this example, the default `None` (python null) value will cause the
|
|
|
later filters to fail, which will trigger the `or omit` portion of the logic. Using omit in this manner is very specific to
|
|
|
the later filters you're chaining though, so be prepared for some trial and error if you do this.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _list_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
List Filters
|
|
|
````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
These filters all operate on list variables.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the minimum value from list of numbers::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | min }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the maximum value from a list of numbers::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ [3, 4, 2] | max }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flatten a list (same thing the `flatten` lookup does)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ [3, [4, 2] ] | flatten }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flatten only the first level of a list (akin to the `items` lookup)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ [3, [4, [2]] ] | flatten(levels=1) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _set_theory_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Set Theory Filters
|
|
|
``````````````````
|
|
|
All these functions return a unique set from sets or lists.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a unique set from a list::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | unique }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a union of two lists::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | union(list2) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the intersection of 2 lists (unique list of all items in both)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | intersect(list2) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the difference of 2 lists (items in 1 that don't exist in 2)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | difference(list2) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the symmetric difference of 2 lists (items exclusive to each list)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list1 | symmetric_difference(list2) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _dict_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dict Filter
|
|
|
```````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To turn a dictionary into a list of items, suitable for looping, use `dict2items`::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ dict | dict2items }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Which turns::
|
|
|
|
|
|
tags:
|
|
|
Application: payment
|
|
|
Environment: dev
|
|
|
|
|
|
into::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- key: Application
|
|
|
value: payment
|
|
|
- key: Environment
|
|
|
value: dev
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
``dict2items`` accepts 2 keyword arguments, ``key_name`` and ``value_name`` that allow configuration of the names of the keys to use for the transformation::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ files | dict2items(key_name='file', value_name='path') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Which turns::
|
|
|
|
|
|
files:
|
|
|
users: /etc/passwd
|
|
|
groups: /etc/group
|
|
|
|
|
|
into::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- file: users
|
|
|
path: /etc/passwd
|
|
|
- file: groups
|
|
|
path: /etc/group
|
|
|
|
|
|
items2dict filter
|
|
|
`````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
This filter turns a list of dicts with 2 keys, into a dict, mapping the values of those keys into ``key: value`` pairs::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ tags | items2dict }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Which turns::
|
|
|
|
|
|
tags:
|
|
|
- key: Application
|
|
|
value: payment
|
|
|
- key: Environment
|
|
|
value: dev
|
|
|
|
|
|
into::
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application: payment
|
|
|
Environment: dev
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is the reverse of the ``dict2items`` filter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
``items2dict`` accepts 2 keyword arguments, ``key_name`` and ``value_name`` that allow configuration of the names of the keys to use for the transformation::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ tags | items2dict(key_name='key', value_name='value') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _zip_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
zip and zip_longest filters
|
|
|
```````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a list combining the elements of other lists use ``zip``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me list combo of two lists
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f']) | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me shortest combo of two lists
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3] | zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f']) | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
To always exhaust all list use ``zip_longest``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me longest combo of three lists , fill with X
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3] | zip_longest(['a','b','c','d','e','f'], [21, 22, 23], fillvalue='X') | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Similarly to the output of the ``items2dict`` filter mentioned above, these filters can be used to contruct a ``dict``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ dict(keys_list | zip(values_list)) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Which turns::
|
|
|
|
|
|
list_one:
|
|
|
- one
|
|
|
- two
|
|
|
list_two:
|
|
|
- apple
|
|
|
- orange
|
|
|
|
|
|
into::
|
|
|
|
|
|
one: apple
|
|
|
two: orange
|
|
|
|
|
|
subelements Filter
|
|
|
``````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
Produces a product of an object, and subelement values of that object, similar to the ``subelements`` lookup::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ users | subelements('groups', skip_missing=True) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Which turns::
|
|
|
|
|
|
users:
|
|
|
- name: alice
|
|
|
authorized:
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/onekey.pub
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/twokey.pub
|
|
|
groups:
|
|
|
- wheel
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
- name: bob
|
|
|
authorized:
|
|
|
- /tmp/bob/id_rsa.pub
|
|
|
groups:
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
|
|
|
Into::
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
- name: alice
|
|
|
groups:
|
|
|
- wheel
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
authorized:
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/onekey.pub
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/twokey.pub
|
|
|
- wheel
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
- name: alice
|
|
|
groups:
|
|
|
- wheel
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
authorized:
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/onekey.pub
|
|
|
- /tmp/alice/twokey.pub
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
- name: bob
|
|
|
authorized:
|
|
|
- /tmp/bob/id_rsa.pub
|
|
|
groups:
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
- docker
|
|
|
|
|
|
An example of using this filter with ``loop``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: Set authorized ssh key, extracting just that data from 'users'
|
|
|
authorized_key:
|
|
|
user: "{{ item.0.name }}"
|
|
|
key: "{{ lookup('file', item.1) }}"
|
|
|
loop: "{{ users | subelements('authorized') }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _random_mac_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Random Mac Address Filter
|
|
|
`````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
This filter can be used to generate a random MAC address from a string prefix.
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a random MAC address from a string prefix starting with '52:54:00'::
|
|
|
|
|
|
"{{ '52:54:00' | random_mac }}"
|
|
|
# => '52:54:00:ef:1c:03'
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that if anything is wrong with the prefix string, the filter will issue an error.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _random_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Random Number Filter
|
|
|
````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
This filter can be used similar to the default jinja2 random filter (returning a random item from a sequence of
|
|
|
items), but can also generate a random number based on a range.
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a random item from a list::
|
|
|
|
|
|
"{{ ['a','b','c'] | random }}"
|
|
|
# => 'c'
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a random number between 0 and a specified number::
|
|
|
|
|
|
"{{ 60 | random }} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
|
|
|
# => '21 * * * * root /script/from/cron'
|
|
|
|
|
|
Get a random number from 0 to 100 but in steps of 10::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 101 | random(step=10) }}
|
|
|
# => 70
|
|
|
|
|
|
Get a random number from 1 to 100 but in steps of 10::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 101 | random(1, 10) }}
|
|
|
# => 31
|
|
|
{{ 101 | random(start=1, step=10) }}
|
|
|
# => 51
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of Ansible version 2.3, it's also possible to initialize the random number generator from a seed. This way, you can create random-but-idempotent numbers::
|
|
|
|
|
|
"{{ 60 | random(seed=inventory_hostname) }} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shuffle Filter
|
|
|
``````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
This filter will randomize an existing list, giving a different order every invocation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a random list from an existing list::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle }}
|
|
|
# => ['c','a','b']
|
|
|
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle }}
|
|
|
# => ['b','c','a']
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of Ansible version 2.3, it's also possible to shuffle a list idempotent. All you need is a seed.::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle(seed=inventory_hostname) }}
|
|
|
# => ['b','a','c']
|
|
|
|
|
|
note that when used with a non 'listable' item it is a noop, otherwise it always returns a list
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _math_stuff:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Math
|
|
|
````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Get the logarithm (default is e)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | log }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Get the base 10 logarithm::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | log(10) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Give me the power of 2! (or 5)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | pow(2) }}
|
|
|
{{ myvar | pow(5) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Square root, or the 5th::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | root }}
|
|
|
{{ myvar | root(5) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that jinja2 already provides some like abs() and round().
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. json_query_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
JSON Query Filter
|
|
|
`````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sometimes you end up with a complex data structure in JSON format and you need to extract only a small set of data within it. The **json_query** filter lets you query a complex JSON structure and iterate over it using a loop structure.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: This filter is built upon **jmespath**, and you can use the same syntax. For examples, see `jmespath examples <http://jmespath.org/examples.html>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now, let's take the following data structure::
|
|
|
|
|
|
domain_definition:
|
|
|
domain:
|
|
|
cluster:
|
|
|
- name: "cluster1"
|
|
|
- name: "cluster2"
|
|
|
server:
|
|
|
- name: "server11"
|
|
|
cluster: "cluster1"
|
|
|
port: "8080"
|
|
|
- name: "server12"
|
|
|
cluster: "cluster1"
|
|
|
port: "8090"
|
|
|
- name: "server21"
|
|
|
cluster: "cluster2"
|
|
|
port: "9080"
|
|
|
- name: "server22"
|
|
|
cluster: "cluster2"
|
|
|
port: "9090"
|
|
|
library:
|
|
|
- name: "lib1"
|
|
|
target: "cluster1"
|
|
|
- name: "lib2"
|
|
|
target: "cluster2"
|
|
|
|
|
|
To extract all clusters from this structure, you can use the following query::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all cluster names"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
var: item
|
|
|
loop: "{{ domain_definition | json_query('domain.cluster[*].name') }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
Same thing for all server names::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all server names"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
var: item
|
|
|
loop: "{{ domain_definition | json_query('domain.server[*].name') }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
This example shows ports from cluster1::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all ports from cluster1"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
var: item
|
|
|
loop: "{{ domain_definition | json_query(server_name_cluster1_query) }}"
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
server_name_cluster1_query: "domain.server[?cluster=='cluster1'].port"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: You can use a variable to make the query more readable.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Or, alternatively print out the ports in a comma separated string::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all ports from cluster1 as a string"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ domain_definition | json_query('domain.server[?cluster==`cluster1`].port') | join(', ') }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: Here, quoting literals using backticks avoids escaping quotes and maintains readability.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Or, using YAML `single quote escaping <http://yaml.org/spec/current.html#id2534365>`_::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all ports from cluster1"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
var: item
|
|
|
loop: "{{ domain_definition | json_query('domain.server[?cluster==''cluster1''].port') }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: Escaping single quotes within single quotes in YAML is done by doubling the single quote.
|
|
|
|
|
|
In this example, we get a hash map with all ports and names of a cluster::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: "Display all server ports and names from cluster1"
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
var: item
|
|
|
loop: "{{ domain_definition | json_query(server_name_cluster1_query) }}"
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
server_name_cluster1_query: "domain.server[?cluster=='cluster2'].{name: name, port: port}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _ipaddr_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP address filter
|
|
|
`````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
To test if a string is a valid IP address::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | ipaddr }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can also require a specific IP protocol version::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | ipv4 }}
|
|
|
{{ myvar | ipv6 }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP address filter can also be used to extract specific information from an IP
|
|
|
address. For example, to get the IP address itself from a CIDR, you can use::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ '192.0.2.1/24' | ipaddr('address') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
More information about ``ipaddr`` filter and complete usage guide can be found
|
|
|
in :doc:`playbooks_filters_ipaddr`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _network_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Network CLI filters
|
|
|
```````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
To convert the output of a network device CLI command into structured JSON
|
|
|
output, use the ``parse_cli`` filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ output | parse_cli('path/to/spec') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The ``parse_cli`` filter will load the spec file and pass the command output
|
|
|
through it, returning JSON output. The YAML spec file defines how to parse the CLI output.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The spec file should be valid formatted YAML. It defines how to parse the CLI
|
|
|
output and return JSON data. Below is an example of a valid spec file that
|
|
|
will parse the output from the ``show vlan`` command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
vlan:
|
|
|
vlan_id: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
name: "{{ item.name }}"
|
|
|
enabled: "{{ item.state != 'act/lshut' }}"
|
|
|
state: "{{ item.state }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
keys:
|
|
|
vlans:
|
|
|
value: "{{ vlan }}"
|
|
|
items: "^(?P<vlan_id>\\d+)\\s+(?P<name>\\w+)\\s+(?P<state>active|act/lshut|suspended)"
|
|
|
state_static:
|
|
|
value: present
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The spec file above will return a JSON data structure that is a list of hashes
|
|
|
with the parsed VLAN information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The same command could be parsed into a hash by using the key and values
|
|
|
directives. Here is an example of how to parse the output into a hash
|
|
|
value using the same ``show vlan`` command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
vlan:
|
|
|
key: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
values:
|
|
|
vlan_id: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
name: "{{ item.name }}"
|
|
|
enabled: "{{ item.state != 'act/lshut' }}"
|
|
|
state: "{{ item.state }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
keys:
|
|
|
vlans:
|
|
|
value: "{{ vlan }}"
|
|
|
items: "^(?P<vlan_id>\\d+)\\s+(?P<name>\\w+)\\s+(?P<state>active|act/lshut|suspended)"
|
|
|
state_static:
|
|
|
value: present
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Another common use case for parsing CLI commands is to break a large command
|
|
|
into blocks that can be parsed. This can be done using the ``start_block`` and
|
|
|
``end_block`` directives to break the command into blocks that can be parsed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
interface:
|
|
|
name: "{{ item[0].match[0] }}"
|
|
|
state: "{{ item[1].state }}"
|
|
|
mode: "{{ item[2].match[0] }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
keys:
|
|
|
interfaces:
|
|
|
value: "{{ interface }}"
|
|
|
start_block: "^Ethernet.*$"
|
|
|
end_block: "^$"
|
|
|
items:
|
|
|
- "^(?P<name>Ethernet\\d\\/\\d*)"
|
|
|
- "admin state is (?P<state>.+),"
|
|
|
- "Port mode is (.+)"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The example above will parse the output of ``show interface`` into a list of
|
|
|
hashes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The network filters also support parsing the output of a CLI command using the
|
|
|
TextFSM library. To parse the CLI output with TextFSM use the following
|
|
|
filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ output.stdout[0] | parse_cli_textfsm('path/to/fsm') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use of the TextFSM filter requires the TextFSM library to be installed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Network XML filters
|
|
|
```````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
To convert the XML output of a network device command into structured JSON
|
|
|
output, use the ``parse_xml`` filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ output | parse_xml('path/to/spec') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The ``parse_xml`` filter will load the spec file and pass the command output
|
|
|
through formatted as JSON.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The spec file should be valid formatted YAML. It defines how to parse the XML
|
|
|
output and return JSON data.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Below is an example of a valid spec file that
|
|
|
will parse the output from the ``show vlan | display xml`` command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
vlan:
|
|
|
vlan_id: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
name: "{{ item.name }}"
|
|
|
desc: "{{ item.desc }}"
|
|
|
enabled: "{{ item.state.get('inactive') != 'inactive' }}"
|
|
|
state: "{% if item.state.get('inactive') == 'inactive'%} inactive {% else %} active {% endif %}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
keys:
|
|
|
vlans:
|
|
|
value: "{{ vlan }}"
|
|
|
top: configuration/vlans/vlan
|
|
|
items:
|
|
|
vlan_id: vlan-id
|
|
|
name: name
|
|
|
desc: description
|
|
|
state: ".[@inactive='inactive']"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The spec file above will return a JSON data structure that is a list of hashes
|
|
|
with the parsed VLAN information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The same command could be parsed into a hash by using the key and values
|
|
|
directives. Here is an example of how to parse the output into a hash
|
|
|
value using the same ``show vlan | display xml`` command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
vars:
|
|
|
vlan:
|
|
|
key: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
values:
|
|
|
vlan_id: "{{ item.vlan_id }}"
|
|
|
name: "{{ item.name }}"
|
|
|
desc: "{{ item.desc }}"
|
|
|
enabled: "{{ item.state.get('inactive') != 'inactive' }}"
|
|
|
state: "{% if item.state.get('inactive') == 'inactive'%} inactive {% else %} active {% endif %}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
keys:
|
|
|
vlans:
|
|
|
value: "{{ vlan }}"
|
|
|
top: configuration/vlans/vlan
|
|
|
items:
|
|
|
vlan_id: vlan-id
|
|
|
name: name
|
|
|
desc: description
|
|
|
state: ".[@inactive='inactive']"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The value of ``top`` is the XPath relative to the XML root node.
|
|
|
In the example XML output given below, the value of ``top`` is ``configuration/vlans/vlan``,
|
|
|
which is an XPath expression relative to the root node (<rpc-reply>).
|
|
|
``configuration`` in the value of ``top`` is the outer most container node, and ``vlan``
|
|
|
is the inner-most container node.
|
|
|
|
|
|
``items`` is a dictionary of key-value pairs that map user-defined names to XPath expressions
|
|
|
that select elements. The Xpath expression is relative to the value of the XPath value contained in ``top``.
|
|
|
For example, the ``vlan_id`` in the spec file is a user defined name and its value ``vlan-id`` is the
|
|
|
relative to the value of XPath in ``top``
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attributes of XML tags can be extracted using XPath expressions. The value of ``state`` in the spec
|
|
|
is an XPath expression used to get the attributes of the ``vlan`` tag in output XML.::
|
|
|
|
|
|
<rpc-reply>
|
|
|
<configuration>
|
|
|
<vlans>
|
|
|
<vlan inactive="inactive">
|
|
|
<name>vlan-1</name>
|
|
|
<vlan-id>200</vlan-id>
|
|
|
<description>This is vlan-1</description>
|
|
|
</vlan>
|
|
|
</vlans>
|
|
|
</configuration>
|
|
|
</rpc-reply>
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: For more information on supported XPath expressions, see `<https://docs.python.org/2/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xpath-support>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _hash_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hashing filters
|
|
|
```````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the sha1 hash of a string::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'test1' | hash('sha1') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the md5 hash of a string::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'test1' | hash('md5') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Get a string checksum::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'test2' | checksum }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other hashes (platform dependent)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'test2' | hash('blowfish') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a sha512 password hash (random salt)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'passwordsaresecret' | password_hash('sha512') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get a sha256 password hash with a specific salt::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
An idempotent method to generate unique hashes per system is to use a salt that is consistent between runs::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha512', 65534 | random(seed=inventory_hostname) | string) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hash types available depend on the master system running ansible,
|
|
|
'hash' depends on hashlib password_hash depends on passlib (https://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/lib/passlib.hash.html).
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
Some hash types allow providing a rounds parameter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt', rounds=10000) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
When`Passlib <https://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ is installed
|
|
|
`password_hash` supports any crypt scheme and parameter supported by 'Passlib'::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha256_crypt', 'mysecretsalt', rounds=5000) }}
|
|
|
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('bcrypt', ident='2b', rounds=14) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _combine_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combining hashes/dictionaries
|
|
|
`````````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
The `combine` filter allows hashes to be merged. For example, the
|
|
|
following would override keys in one hash::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ {'a':1, 'b':2} | combine({'b':3}) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The resulting hash would be::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{'a':1, 'b':3}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The filter also accepts an optional `recursive=True` parameter to not
|
|
|
only override keys in the first hash, but also recurse into nested
|
|
|
hashes and merge their keys too
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: jinja
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ {'a':{'foo':1, 'bar':2}, 'b':2} | combine({'a':{'bar':3, 'baz':4}}, recursive=True) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
This would result in::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{'a':{'foo':1, 'bar':3, 'baz':4}, 'b':2}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The filter can also take multiple arguments to merge::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ a | combine(b, c, d) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
In this case, keys in `d` would override those in `c`, which would
|
|
|
override those in `b`, and so on.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This behaviour does not depend on the value of the `hash_behaviour`
|
|
|
setting in `ansible.cfg`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _extract_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Extracting values from containers
|
|
|
`````````````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
The `extract` filter is used to map from a list of indices to a list of
|
|
|
values from a container (hash or array)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ [0,2] | map('extract', ['x','y','z']) | list }}
|
|
|
{{ ['x','y'] | map('extract', {'x': 42, 'y': 31}) | list }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The results of the above expressions would be::
|
|
|
|
|
|
['x', 'z']
|
|
|
[42, 31]
|
|
|
|
|
|
The filter can take another argument::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ groups['x'] | map('extract', hostvars, 'ec2_ip_address') | list }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
This takes the list of hosts in group 'x', looks them up in `hostvars`,
|
|
|
and then looks up the `ec2_ip_address` of the result. The final result
|
|
|
is a list of IP addresses for the hosts in group 'x'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The third argument to the filter can also be a list, for a recursive
|
|
|
lookup inside the container::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ ['a'] | map('extract', b, ['x','y']) | list }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
This would return a list containing the value of `b['a']['x']['y']`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _comment_filter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comment Filter
|
|
|
``````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
The `comment` filter allows to decorate the text with a chosen comment
|
|
|
style. For example the following::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "Plain style (default)" | comment }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
will produce this output::
|
|
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
# Plain style (default)
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
|
|
Similar way can be applied style for C (``//...``), C block
|
|
|
(``/*...*/``), Erlang (``%...``) and XML (``<!--...-->``)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "C style" | comment('c') }}
|
|
|
{{ "C block style" | comment('cblock') }}
|
|
|
{{ "Erlang style" | comment('erlang') }}
|
|
|
{{ "XML style" | comment('xml') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you need a specific comment character that is not included by any of the
|
|
|
above, you can customize it with::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "My Special Case" | comment(decoration="! ") }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
producing::
|
|
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
! My Special Case
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is also possible to fully customize the comment style::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "Custom style" | comment('plain', prefix='#######\n#', postfix='#\n#######\n ###\n #') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
That will create the following output:
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: sh
|
|
|
|
|
|
#######
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
# Custom style
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
#######
|
|
|
###
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
|
|
The filter can also be applied to any Ansible variable. For example to
|
|
|
make the output of the ``ansible_managed`` variable more readable, we can
|
|
|
change the definition in the ``ansible.cfg`` file to this:
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: jinja
|
|
|
|
|
|
[defaults]
|
|
|
|
|
|
ansible_managed = This file is managed by Ansible.%n
|
|
|
template: {file}
|
|
|
date: %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
|
|
|
user: {uid}
|
|
|
host: {host}
|
|
|
|
|
|
and then use the variable with the `comment` filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ ansible_managed | comment }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
which will produce this output:
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: sh
|
|
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
# This file is managed by Ansible.
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
# template: /home/ansible/env/dev/ansible_managed/roles/role1/templates/test.j2
|
|
|
# date: 2015-09-10 11:02:58
|
|
|
# user: ansible
|
|
|
# host: myhost
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _other_useful_filters:
|
|
|
|
|
|
URL Split Filter
|
|
|
`````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
The ``urlsplit`` filter extracts the fragment, hostname, netloc, password, path, port, query, scheme, and username from an URL. With no arguments, returns a dictionary of all the fields::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('hostname') }}
|
|
|
# => 'www.acme.com'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('netloc') }}
|
|
|
# => 'user:password@www.acme.com:9000'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('username') }}
|
|
|
# => 'user'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('password') }}
|
|
|
# => 'password'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('path') }}
|
|
|
# => '/dir/index.html'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('port') }}
|
|
|
# => '9000'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('scheme') }}
|
|
|
# => 'http'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('query') }}
|
|
|
# => 'query=term'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit('fragment') }}
|
|
|
# => 'fragment'
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ "http://user:password@www.acme.com:9000/dir/index.html?query=term#fragment" | urlsplit }}
|
|
|
# =>
|
|
|
# {
|
|
|
# "fragment": "fragment",
|
|
|
# "hostname": "www.acme.com",
|
|
|
# "netloc": "user:password@www.acme.com:9000",
|
|
|
# "password": "password",
|
|
|
# "path": "/dir/index.html",
|
|
|
# "port": 9000,
|
|
|
# "query": "query=term",
|
|
|
# "scheme": "http",
|
|
|
# "username": "user"
|
|
|
# }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Regular Expression Filters
|
|
|
``````````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
To search a string with a regex, use the "regex_search" filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# search for "foo" in "foobar"
|
|
|
{{ 'foobar' | regex_search('(foo)') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# will return empty if it cannot find a match
|
|
|
{{ 'ansible' | regex_search('(foobar)') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# case insensitive search in multiline mode
|
|
|
{{ 'foo\nBAR' | regex_search("^bar", multiline=True, ignorecase=True) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To search for all occurrences of regex matches, use the "regex_findall" filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Return a list of all IPv4 addresses in the string
|
|
|
{{ 'Some DNS servers are 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4' | regex_findall('\\b(?:[0-9]{1,3}\\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}\\b') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To replace text in a string with regex, use the "regex_replace" filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# convert "ansible" to "able"
|
|
|
{{ 'ansible' | regex_replace('^a.*i(.*)$', 'a\\1') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# convert "foobar" to "bar"
|
|
|
{{ 'foobar' | regex_replace('^f.*o(.*)$', '\\1') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# convert "localhost:80" to "localhost, 80" using named groups
|
|
|
{{ 'localhost:80' | regex_replace('^(?P<host>.+):(?P<port>\\d+)$', '\\g<host>, \\g<port>') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# convert "localhost:80" to "localhost"
|
|
|
{{ 'localhost:80' | regex_replace(':80') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# add "https://" prefix to each item in a list
|
|
|
{{ hosts | map('regex_replace', '^(.*)$', 'https://\\1') | list }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: Prior to ansible 2.0, if "regex_replace" filter was used with variables inside YAML arguments (as opposed to simpler 'key=value' arguments),
|
|
|
then you needed to escape backreferences (e.g. ``\\1``) with 4 backslashes (``\\\\``) instead of 2 (``\\``).
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
To escape special characters within a regex, use the "regex_escape" filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# convert '^f.*o(.*)$' to '\^f\.\*o\(\.\*\)\$'
|
|
|
{{ '^f.*o(.*)$' | regex_escape() }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Useful Filters
|
|
|
````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
To add quotes for shell usage::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- shell: echo {{ string_value | quote }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To use one value on true and another on false (new in version 1.9)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ (name == "John") | ternary('Mr','Ms') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To use one value on true, one value on false and a third value on null (new in version 2.8)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ enabled | ternary('no shutdown', 'shutdown', omit) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To concatenate a list into a string::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ list | join(" ") }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the last name of a file path, like 'foo.txt' out of '/etc/asdf/foo.txt'::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | basename }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the last name of a windows style file path (new in version 2.0)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | win_basename }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To separate the windows drive letter from the rest of a file path (new in version 2.0)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | win_splitdrive }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get only the windows drive letter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | win_splitdrive | first }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the rest of the path without the drive letter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | win_splitdrive | last }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the directory from a path::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | dirname }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the directory from a windows path (new version 2.0)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | win_dirname }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To expand a path containing a tilde (`~`) character (new in version 1.5)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | expanduser }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To expand a path containing environment variables::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | expandvars }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: `expandvars` expands local variables; using it on remote paths can lead to errors.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the real path of a link (new in version 1.8)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | realpath }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the relative path of a link, from a start point (new in version 1.7)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ path | relpath('/etc') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get the root and extension of a path or filename (new in version 2.0)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# with path == 'nginx.conf' the return would be ('nginx', '.conf')
|
|
|
{{ path | splitext }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To work with Base64 encoded strings::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ encoded | b64decode }}
|
|
|
{{ decoded | b64encode }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of version 2.6, you can define the type of encoding to use, the default is ``utf-8``::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ encoded | b64decode(encoding='utf-16-le') }}
|
|
|
{{ decoded | b64encode(encoding='utf-16-le') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
To create a UUID from a string (new in version 1.9)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ hostname | to_uuid }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To cast values as certain types, such as when you input a string as "True" from a vars_prompt and the system
|
|
|
doesn't know it is a boolean value::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- debug:
|
|
|
msg: test
|
|
|
when: some_string_value | bool
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 1.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
To make use of one attribute from each item in a list of complex variables, use the "map" filter (see the `Jinja2 map() docs`_ for more)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# get a comma-separated list of the mount points (e.g. "/,/mnt/stuff") on a host
|
|
|
{{ ansible_mounts | map(attribute='mount') | join(',') }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
To get date object from string use the `to_datetime` filter, (new in version in 2.2)::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Get total amount of seconds between two dates. Default date format is %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S but you can pass your own format
|
|
|
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25" | to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).total_seconds() }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Get remaining seconds after delta has been calculated. NOTE: This does NOT convert years, days, hours, etc to seconds. For that, use total_seconds()
|
|
|
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2016-08-14 18:00:00" | to_datetime)).seconds }}
|
|
|
# This expression evaluates to "12" and not "132". Delta is 2 hours, 12 seconds
|
|
|
|
|
|
# get amount of days between two dates. This returns only number of days and discards remaining hours, minutes, and seconds
|
|
|
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25" | to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).days }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
To format a date using a string (like with the shell date command), use the "strftime" filter::
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Display year-month-day
|
|
|
{{ '%Y-%m-%d' | strftime }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Display hour:min:sec
|
|
|
{{ '%H:%M:%S' | strftime }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Use ansible_date_time.epoch fact
|
|
|
{{ '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' | strftime(ansible_date_time.epoch) }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Use arbitrary epoch value
|
|
|
{{ '%Y-%m-%d' | strftime(0) }} # => 1970-01-01
|
|
|
{{ '%Y-%m-%d' | strftime(1441357287) }} # => 2015-09-04
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note:: To get all string possibilities, check https://docs.python.org/2/library/time.html#time.strftime
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combination Filters
|
|
|
````````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
This set of filters returns a list of combined lists.
|
|
|
To get permutations of a list::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me largest permutations (order matters)
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | permutations | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me permutations of sets of three
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | permutations(3) | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combinations always require a set size::
|
|
|
|
|
|
- name: give me combinations for sets of two
|
|
|
debug:
|
|
|
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | combinations(2) | list }}"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Also see the :ref:`zip_filter`
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debugging Filters
|
|
|
`````````````````
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 2.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use the ``type_debug`` filter to display the underlying Python type of a variable.
|
|
|
This can be useful in debugging in situations where you may need to know the exact
|
|
|
type of a variable::
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{ myvar | type_debug }}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A few useful filters are typically added with each new Ansible release. The development documentation shows
|
|
|
how to extend Ansible filters by writing your own as plugins, though in general, we encourage new ones
|
|
|
to be added to core so everyone can make use of them.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _Jinja2 map() docs: http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/dev/templates/#map
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _builtin filters: http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs/templates/#builtin-filters
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks`
|
|
|
An introduction to playbooks
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks_conditionals`
|
|
|
Conditional statements in playbooks
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks_variables`
|
|
|
All about variables
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks_loops`
|
|
|
Looping in playbooks
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks_reuse_roles`
|
|
|
Playbook organization by roles
|
|
|
:doc:`playbooks_best_practices`
|
|
|
Best practices in playbooks
|
|
|
`User Mailing List <https://groups.google.com/group/ansible-devel>`_
|
|
|
Have a question? Stop by the google group!
|
|
|
`irc.freenode.net <http://irc.freenode.net>`_
|
|
|
#ansible IRC chat channel
|