@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ Omitting Parameters
As of Ansible 1.8, it is possible to use the default filter to omit module parameters using the special `omit`
- name: touch files with an optional mode
file: dest={{item.path}} state=touch mode={{item.mode|default(omit)}}
file: dest={{ item.path }} state=touch mode={{ item.mode | default(omit) }}
loop:
- path: /tmp/foo
- path: /tmp/bar
@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ To get the maximum value from a list of numbers::
Flatten a list (same thing the `flatten`
{{ [3, [4, 2] ]|flatten }}
{{ [3, [4, 2] ] | flatten }}
Flatten only the first level of a list (akin to the `items`
{{ [3, [4, [2]] ]|flatten(levels=1) }}
{{ [3, [4, [2]] ] | flatten(levels=1) }}
.. _set_theory_filters:
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ subelements Filter
Produces a product of an object, and subelement values of that object, similar to the `` subelements `` lookup::
{{ users|subelements('groups', skip_missing=True) }}
{{ users | subelements('groups', skip_missing=True) }}
Which turns::
@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ An example of using this filter with ``loop``::
authorized_key:
user: "{{ item.0.name }}"
key: "{{ lookup('file', item.1) }}"
loop: "{{ users|subelements('authorized') }}"
loop: "{{ users | subelements('authorized') }}"
.. _random_filter:
@ -255,29 +255,29 @@ items), but can also generate a random number based on a range.
To get a random item from a list::
"{{ ['a','b','c']|random }}"
"{{ ['a','b','c'] | random }}"
# => 'c'
To get a random number between 0 and a specified number::
"{{ 60 |random}} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
"{{ 60 | random }} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
# => '21 * * * * root /script/from/cron'
Get a random number from 0 to 100 but in steps of 10::
{{ 101 |random(step=10) }}
{{ 101 | random(step=10) }}
# => 70
Get a random number from 1 to 100 but in steps of 10::
{{ 101 |random(1, 10) }}
{{ 101 | random(1, 10) }}
# => 31
{{ 101 |random(start=1, step=10) }}
{{ 101 | random(start=1, step=10) }}
# => 51
As of Ansible version 2.3, it's also possible to initialize the random number generator from a seed. This way, you can create random-but-idempotent numbers::
"{{ 60 |random(seed=inventory_hostname) }} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
"{{ 60 | random(seed=inventory_hostname) }} * * * * root /script/from/cron"
Shuffle Filter
@ -289,14 +289,14 @@ This filter will randomize an existing list, giving a different order every invo
To get a random list from an existing list::
{{ ['a','b','c']|shuffle }}
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle }}
# => ['c','a','b']
{{ ['a','b','c']|shuffle }}
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle }}
# => ['b','c','a']
As of Ansible version 2.3, it's also possible to shuffle a list idempotent. All you need is a seed.::
{{ ['a','b','c']|shuffle(seed=inventory_hostname) }}
{{ ['a','b','c'] | shuffle(seed=inventory_hostname) }}
# => ['b','a','c']
note that when used with a non 'listable' item it is a noop, otherwise it always returns a list
@ -651,31 +651,31 @@ Hashing filters
To get the sha1 hash of a string::
{{ 'test1'|hash('sha1') }}
{{ 'test1' | hash('sha1') }}
To get the md5 hash of a string::
{{ 'test1'|hash('md5') }}
{{ 'test1' | hash('md5') }}
Get a string checksum::
{{ 'test2'|checksum }}
{{ 'test2' | checksum }}
Other hashes (platform dependent)::
{{ 'test2'|hash('blowfish') }}
{{ 'test2' | hash('blowfish') }}
To get a sha512 password hash (random salt)::
{{ 'passwordsaresecret'|password_hash('sha512') }}
{{ 'passwordsaresecret' | password_hash('sha512') }}
To get a sha256 password hash with a specific salt::
{{ 'secretpassword'|password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}
An idempotent method to generate unique hashes per system is to use a salt that is consistent between runs::
{{ 'secretpassword'|password_hash('sha512', 65534|random(seed=inventory_hostname)|string) }}
{{ 'secretpassword' | password_hash('sha512', 65534 | random(seed=inventory_hostname) | string) }}
Hash types available depend on the master system running ansible,
'hash' depends on hashlib password_hash depends on passlib (http://passlib.readthedocs.io/en/stable/lib/passlib.hash.html).
@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ Combining hashes/dictionaries
The `combine`
following would override keys in one hash::
{{ {'a':1, 'b':2}|combine({'b':3}) }}
{{ {'a':1, 'b':2} | combine({'b':3}) }}
The resulting hash would be::
@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ hashes and merge their keys too
.. code-block :: jinja
{{ {'a':{'foo':1, 'bar':2}, 'b':2}|combine({'a':{'bar':3, 'baz':4}}, recursive=True) }}
{{ {'a':{'foo':1, 'bar':2}, 'b':2} | combine({'a':{'bar':3, 'baz':4}}, recursive=True) }}
This would result in::
@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ This would result in::
The filter can also take multiple arguments to merge::
{{ a|combine(b, c, d) }}
{{ a | combine(b, c, d) }}
In this case, keys in `d` `c`
override those in `b`
@ -728,8 +728,8 @@ Extracting values from containers
The `extract`
values from a container (hash or array)::
{{ [0,2]|map('extract', ['x','y','z'])|list }}
{{ ['x','y']|map('extract', {'x': 42, 'y': 31})|list }}
{{ [0,2] | map('extract', ['x','y','z']) | list }}
{{ ['x','y'] | map('extract', {'x': 42, 'y': 31}) | list }}
The results of the above expressions would be::
@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ The results of the above expressions would be::
The filter can take another argument::
{{ groups['x']|map('extract', hostvars, 'ec2_ip_address')|list }}
{{ groups['x'] | map('extract', hostvars, 'ec2_ip_address') | list }}
This takes the list of hosts in group 'x', looks them up in `hostvars`
and then looks up the `ec2_ip_address`
@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ is a list of IP addresses for the hosts in group 'x'.
The third argument to the filter can also be a list, for a recursive
lookup inside the container::
{{ ['a']|map('extract', b, ['x','y'])|list }}
{{ ['a'] | map('extract', b, ['x','y']) | list }}
This would return a list containing the value of `b['a']['x']['y']`
@ -1029,19 +1029,19 @@ doesn't know it is a boolean value::
To make use of one attribute from each item in a list of complex variables, use the "map" filter (see the `Jinja2 map() docs`_ for more)::
# get a comma-separated list of the mount points (e.g. "/,/mnt/stuff") on a host
{{ ansible_mounts|map(attribute='mount')|join(',') }}
{{ ansible_mounts | map(attribute='mount') | join(',') }}
To get date object from string use the `to_datetime`
# Get total amount of seconds between two dates. Default date format is %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S but you can pass your own format
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12"|to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25"|to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).total_seconds() }}
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25" | to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).total_seconds() }}
# Get remaining seconds after delta has been calculated. NOTE: This does NOT convert years, days, hours, etc to seconds. For that, use total_seconds()
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12"|to_datetime) - ("2016-08-14 18:00:00"|to_datetime)).seconds }}
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2016-08-14 18:00:00" | to_datetime)).seconds }}
# This expression evaluates to "12" and not "132". Delta is 2 hours, 12 seconds
# get amount of days between two dates. This returns only number of days and discards remaining hours, minutes, and seconds
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12"|to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25"|to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).days }}
{{ (("2016-08-14 20:00:12" | to_datetime) - ("2015-12-25" | to_datetime('%Y-%m-%d'))).days }}
Combination Filters
`` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ``
@ -1053,34 +1053,34 @@ To get permutations of a list::
- name: give me largest permutations (order matters)
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5]|permutations|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | permutations | list }}"
- name: give me permutations of sets of three
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5]|permutations(3)|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | permutations(3) | list }}"
Combinations always require a set size::
- name: give me combinations for sets of two
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5]|combinations(2)|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | combinations(2) | list }}"
To get a list combining the elements of other lists use `` zip `` ::
- name: give me list combo of two lists
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5]|zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f'])|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3,4,5] | zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f']) | list }}"
- name: give me shortest combo of two lists
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3]|zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f'])|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3] | zip(['a','b','c','d','e','f']) | list }}"
To always exhaust all list use `` zip_longest `` ::
- name: give me longest combo of three lists , fill with X
debug:
msg: "{{ [1,2,3]|zip_longest(['a','b','c','d','e','f'], [21, 22, 23], fillvalue='X')|list }}"
msg: "{{ [1,2,3] | zip_longest(['a','b','c','d','e','f'], [21, 22, 23], fillvalue='X') | list }}"
.. versionadded :: 2.4
Risto Oikarinen
6 years ago
committed by