diff --git a/changelogs/fragments/win-test-ansible-path-provider-support.yaml b/changelogs/fragments/win-test-ansible-path-provider-support.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1155ad519d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelogs/fragments/win-test-ansible-path-provider-support.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+bugfixes:
+- Ansible.ModuleUtils.FileUtil - support using Test-AnsiblePath with non file system providers (https://github.com/ansible/ansible/pull/39200)
diff --git a/lib/ansible/module_utils/powershell/Ansible.ModuleUtils.FileUtil.psm1 b/lib/ansible/module_utils/powershell/Ansible.ModuleUtils.FileUtil.psm1
index 727da967f66..857bd1bfdf8 100644
--- a/lib/ansible/module_utils/powershell/Ansible.ModuleUtils.FileUtil.psm1
+++ b/lib/ansible/module_utils/powershell/Ansible.ModuleUtils.FileUtil.psm1
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ Function Test-AnsiblePath {
         $file_attributes = [System.IO.File]::GetAttributes($Path)
     } catch [System.IO.FileNotFoundException], [System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException] {
         return $false
+    } catch [NotSupportedException] {
+        # When testing a path like Cert:\LocalMachine\My, System.IO.File will
+        # not work, we just revert back to using Test-Path for this
+        return Test-Path -Path $Path
     }
 
     if ([Int32]$file_attributes -eq -1) {
diff --git a/test/integration/targets/win_module_utils/library/file_util_test.ps1 b/test/integration/targets/win_module_utils/library/file_util_test.ps1
index b2a2fb8d20d..5f48317e16d 100644
--- a/test/integration/targets/win_module_utils/library/file_util_test.ps1
+++ b/test/integration/targets/win_module_utils/library/file_util_test.ps1
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $true
 
 # Test-AnsiblePath Normal file
 $actual = Test-AnsiblePath -Path C:\Windows\System32\kernel32.dll
+Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $true
 
 # Test-AnsiblePath fails with wildcard
 $failed = $false
@@ -73,6 +74,18 @@ try {
 }
 Assert-Equals -actual $failed -expected $true
 
+# Test-AnsiblePath on non file PS Provider object
+$actual = Test-AnsiblePath -Path Cert:\LocalMachine\My
+Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $true
+
+# Test-AnsiblePath on environment variable
+$actual = Test-AnsiblePath -Path env:SystemDrive
+Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $true
+
+# Test-AnsiblePath on environment variable that does not exist
+$actual = Test-AnsiblePath -Path env:FakeEnvValue
+Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $false
+
 # Get-AnsibleItem doesn't exist with -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue param
 $actual = Get-AnsibleItem -Path C:\fakefile -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
 Assert-Equals -actual $actual -expected $null